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 JUSTIN WINSOR

He was a large contributor to the periodical press and an extensive and instructive ^                  author. His chief

publications embrace The Readers1 Handbook of the A merican Revo lution, Bibliography of Original Quartos and Folios of Shakespeare, Christopher Columbus, Cartier to Frontenac and Narrative and Critical History of America. He also edited the Memorial History of Boston.

Wins'ton, N. C., a city and manufacturing center, the capital of Forsyth County, adjoining the city of Salem, in the northwestern portion of North Carolina. It is on the Southern Railroad and the Norfolk and Western Railroad, 27 miles west of Greensboro and 120 northwest of Raleigh. It has a number of tobacco - factories and warehouses, iron-works, cotton and woolen mills, carriage and wagon factories and shuttle and bobbin works. Population of Winston-Salem 17,167.

Win'ter, William, American poet, essayist and dramatic critic, was born at Gloucester, Mass., on July 15, 1836, and in 1857 graduated from Harvard Law School. His tastes inclining him to literature, he abjured law and wooed the Muses, publishing two collections of verse entitled The Convent and The Queen's Domain and other poems, besides lecturing occasionally. Removing to New York in 1859, ne became literary editor of The Saturday Press and assistant-editor (1861-5) of Albion, and then transferred his pen to The Tribune for which he has long been dramatic critic, as well as a writer of literary essays, and a contributor of historical and other articles and addresses and a biographer of actors. His published work is considerable, and ever reveals the practised litterateur and a writer of culture and charm. His later volumes of verse include My Witness, Thistledown and Wanderers. Of actors and theatrical folk he has treated in Henry Irving; The Stage-Life of Mary Anderson; Life and Art of Edwin Booth', Life and Art of Joseph Jefferson; and Shadows of the Stage. Other books include Shakespeare's England, Gray Days and Gold and Brown Heath and Blue Bells. He has also edited the work of a number of contemporary players including those of Brougham, Arnold and O'Brien, besides The Plays of Edwin Booth.

Winter's Tale, The, is a drama of Shaks-pere which certainly was acted as early as 1611, although it was first printed in the

folio of 1623. The plot of the drama closely follows that of Rob Greene's Pandosto, a novel of the type of Lodge's Rosalind. The drama is loftier, calmer and maturer than the novel; and skillfully contrasts the nobility and dignity of the unjustly suspected Hermione with the insolence, tyranny and jealousy of Leontes.

Win'throp, John, governor of Massachusetts colony, was born at Groton, Suffolk, England, Jan. 12, 1587. He became a lawyer, and because of his good and religious character he was chosen governor by the Massachusetts Bay Company in 1629. The next year he came over, bringing 900 emigrants. He was generally re-elected every year throughout his life, except from 1634 to 1636, when he was deputy under Sir Harry Vane. His influence in the colony was very great, and through it on the life, thought and later politics and institutions of New England. Winthrop's Journal is one of the most important sources of early American history. John, his son, was governor of Connecticut. Governor Winthrop died at Boston, March 26, 1649.

Winthrop, Theodore, an American author, was born at New Haven, Conn., Sept. 22, 1828. He graduated at Yale College in 1848. He then entered business in New York, spent two years at Panama and opened a law-office at St. Louis. On the outbreak of the Civil War he enlisted, and was one of the earliest martyrs of the struggle, being shot while leading a charge at Big Bethel, June 10, 1861. He was hardly^ known as a writer till the appearance in The Atlantic Monthly of his lifelike sketches of Washington as a Camp, describing the march of his regiment, the famous New York Seventh, and its first quarters in the capitol at Washington. Soon after his death his novels were published from manuscript, and his magazine stories reprinted. Cecil Dreeme, John Brent and his other novels have a breezy, outdoor air that is delightful, while the short story, Love and Skates, is an English classic.

Wire, a thinly or, according to the ductility of the metal of which it is made, a more or less attenuated thread or rope, the product of iron, steel, brass, copper, aluminum or platinum in almost universal use for netting, fences, piano-strings, bed-springs, the telephone -and the telegraph. Wire is believed to have been in use as early as 700 or 800 B. C. by the people of Egypt and Nineveh; and though in modern times, in use in Britain and Europe, made of strips of hammered metal, the machine-drawn wire is a product only of the last 40 or 45 years. Bessemer steel is the chief metal used for most purposes of wire-making, the process of manufacture being to form steel billets into round rods, which then go through several processes