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VILLARS

2021

VINE

detzky, the Austrian general, July 25, 1848. and of the Italians by the Austrians, June 24, 1866. It is also noted as the place where (July n, 1859) the emperors Napoleon III and Francis Joseph signed the treaty which gave Lombardy to Victor Emmanuel, called the Peace of Villafranca. Population 9,729.

Villars (ve'ldr'), Claude Louis Hector, Duke of, a French general, was born at Moulins, France, May 8, 1653. His first service was in Holland and Germany. During the time of peace he was sent as an ambassador to Vienna and Munich. In the War of the Spanish Succession he captured Kehl, defended the northeastern frontier of France against Marlborough, and took several towns in Alsace. He was defeated at Ramillies and wounded at Malplaquet. His brilliant campagn in 1712, in which he defeated the Austrians at Denain, compelled Prince Eugene to raise the siege of Landrecies, and took several towns; and brought about the Peace of Utrecht (1713) and the Peace of Rastadt (1714)- When more than 80 years old, in 1733, when the war with Austria began, he was given command in Italy, but soon asked for his recall, and died on his way home, at Turin, June 17, 1734. He was made marshal-general of France by Louis XV, a rank before conferred only on Turenne.

VilFiers. See BUCKINGHAM.

Vincennes (vm-senz'), Ind., an old, settled, historic city, the capital of Knox County, on the Wabash River, in southwestern Indiana, 50 miles north of Evansville and about 105 miles southwest of Indianapolis, It is served by four railroads, and has a number of fine parks and public buildings. From 1800 to 1813 it was the capital of Indiana, and originally had been a fort, erected in 1702 by the French. After its capture by the English in 1763 and their actual possession in 1777, this fort became a '' bone of contention." The valiant Geo. Rogers Clark (q. v.) of Kentucky and his Virginians, assisted by the Ohio Valley French, secured this prize, and by this means brought the great middle west to the United States. Here is the seat of Vincennes University, with 300 students, and of a Roman Catholic academy, a public library and other educational institutions. Vincennes University was founded in 1806, and the first school in Indiana was founded in Vincennes by Father Rivet, and the first church built in the Northwest Territory was erected here in 1742 by Father Meurin. Vincennes has a number of industries, including flour and woolen mills, packing houses, breweries, brick and tile works, carriage and furniture factories, agricultural implements and machine-shop products. Population 11,393.

Vm'cent, John Heyl, bishop of the Methodist. Episcopal church and chancellor of the Chautauqua system, was born at Tuscaloosa,

BISHOP VINCENT

Ala., Feb. 23, 1832, and educated at Lewis-burg and Milton, Pa., and in the Newark (N. J.) Wesleyan Institute. After this he removed to Illinois, and there held charge at Joliet, Galena, Rockford, Mount Morris and subsequently a t Chicago. Here he founded the Sunday-School Quarterly and the Sunday- ' School Teacher, containing the lessons that have become international. With Lewis Miller of Akron, O., he established the Chautauqua Assembly in 1874, and four years later founded also the Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle, of which he has since been chancellor. He has been preacher at Yale, Harvard, Cornell, Wellesley and other colleges, and is the author of The Chautauqua Movement, The Church at Howie, Our Own Church, The Modern Sunday-School, The Church School and Sunday-School Institutes and Earthly Footsteps of the Man of Galilee.

Vinci (vm'che), Leonardo da, an Italian painter, was born at the Vinci palace near Florence, Italy, in 1452. He was celebrated as painter, architect, sculptor, musician, scientist, engineer and mechanic, anticipating many of the great discoveries of astronomy and geology. He founded an academy of art; executed a model for an equestrian statue of Francesco Sforza; traveled through Tuscany as an engineer and architect; and designed the canal of Martesana at Milan. His celebrated picture, The Last Supper, was a fresco in a convent at Milan, now in a damaged condition. The best copy, by one of his pupils, is in the Royal Academy, London, and the most celebrated engraving of it is by Morghen. His Adoration of the Kings was painted at Florence, as were several portraits, now in the Louvre at Paris. He went with Francis I as court-painter from Milan to France, where he died near Ambroise on May 2, 1519. Consult Life by Clement and Legends of the Madonna by Mrs. Jameson. See FINE ARTS (Italian).

Vine. See GRAPE*

LEONARDO DA VINCI