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SANDALWOOD

I6?4

SANDY HOOK

at Paris, July 5, 1804. She was educated at a convent in Paris, and at 18 married M. Dudevant. After nine years of married life at Nohant she separated from her husband and went to Paris to make her living by writing. Her life was spent among authors and literary people generally, her •most intimate friends being Alfred de Musset (q. v.), Chopin, Lamennais and Michel. After 20 years of this life she settled on her estate of Nohant in Berri, dividing her time between writing, at which she was very industrious, and showing hospitality to almost all French and many foreign men of letters of eminence. George Sand wrote an enormous number of novels. Among the best are Consuelo, Mauprat, Little Fadette and The Marquis of Villemer. Her plays did not gain the extraordinary popularity of her novels. Her History of My Life is interesting, but is mostly made up of her fancies and thoughts. George Sand died on June 7, 1876. See Life by Miss Bertha Thomas, in the Eminent Women Series.

San'dalwood, the wood of Santalum album, a small genus of trees and shrubs from the East Indies, Australia and the Pacific islands. The wood is white or yellowish and noted for its extreme fragrance. It is costly, and is employed for fans, boxes and other small ornamental articles, these usually being intricately carved.

Sand'blast. See GLASS.

San'derling, a bird of the snipe family, which is widely scattered, breeding in Arctic regions and ranging from Iceland to Patagonia. It is about eight inches long and very fat. The winter plumage is ash-gray; the under parts are ail white; and in summer the upper feathers are reddish with black markings. They are very common along our beaches, always seen in flocks, always; zealously hunting for food. They appear more wary than the sandpiper, utter a shrill cry when startled, and a large company moves as one bird.

Sand'piper, a name commonly applied to several shore-birds belonging to the snipe

SANDPIPER

family. These birds run over the sand uttering a piping note, which doubtless gave them their name. They are small, active

birds, running along the shore and feeding on the small forms of life cast up by the waves. Many of them are simply migrants in most -parts of the United States. The best-known form nesting in the United States is the spotted sandpiper. This is a true snipe, about seven and one half inches long, with upper parts brownish, gray, and black, the under parts white, spotted with black. It is also called tip-up and pee-wit, being named from its teetering habit and its sharp, sweet peet-weet, weet-weet. It is a familiar summer resident, widely distributed, found on high upland as well as wet meadow. The bit of a bird yields only a morsel of food, but many are shot annually by the pot-hunter. Usually there are two broods a season. The nest is made in a depression in the ground, and has a lining of grass; the eggs are buff, speckled with brown. The semipalmated sandpiper or sand-peep is about an inch shorter than the form just described. It is similar in coloring, but has no spots on the breast. They are abundant during migrations in flocks, which sometimes number several hundred. See SNIPE.

Sand/stone is a rock formed of compacted sand. The grains are generally quartz, though other minerals are often mixed with this; they are colorless or of a dull-white, yellow, brown, red or green. The grains vary in size, forming a fine or coarse grained stone. Sandstone, especially when of handsome color, is much used in building.

Sandus'ky, 0., stands on the southern shore of Sandusky Bay, an arm of Lake Erie, 56 miles (by water) west of Cleveland. The bay, 15 miles long and five wide, forms a good harbor. The city is built on a bed of limestone, on a site rising gradually from the shore. Its business as a port is large, its wharves shipping quantities of fish, lime, limestone, lumber, salt, coal, ice, wool, wheat, flour and Ohio wine. There also are machine and car works, edge-tool, wheel, window-glass, furniture, and woodwork factories, wagon and carriage works, corrugated paper and underwear factories, electric-dynamo, steam-turbine, structural iron and cement works. Sandusky is an important import and export point for Canadian trade. It has good municipal buildings, many churches, fine public and parochial schools and a public library. Here is the State Soldiers' and Sailors' Home, which has 37 buildings constructed of blue limestone and accommodates 1,600 persons The neighboring islands are a favorite summer resort. Population 19,989.

Sand'wich Islands. See HAWAIIAN ISLANDS.

San'dy Hook, a narrow, sandy peninsula of New Jersey, between the Atlantic and Sandy Hook Bay, 16 miles south of New York. It is about six miles long, and