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SALLEE

1666

SALONICA

The parotid gland is the largest of the three glands, found on each side. It lies on the side of the face just in front of the ear. Its ductfis about two and a half inches long and opens into the mouth opposite the second molar tooth of the upper jaw. The submaxillary gland is below the jaw-bone; and the sublingual gland is under the tongue on the floor of the rnouth. Salivary glands are found in most of the higher animals except fishes.

Sallee', a seaport of Morocco, stands on the Atlantic, at the mouth of the Bu-Rak-rak. It for centuries was notorious as a haunt of pirates, who carried the terror of their name far and wide and known to every reader of Robinson Crusoe. The people, 10,000 in number, allow no European to dwell within their walls, though a stop was put to their piracy at the beginning of the i pth century. Population about 10,000.

SaFlust, a Roman historian, was born of a plebeian family at Amiternum, in the Sabine country, 86 B. C. As a follower of Caesar, he rose to be tribune in 52 and praetor five years later. He took part in Caesar's African campaign, came near being killed in a mutiny of some of the troops, and was made governor of Numidia. This office enriched him, and enabled him to lay out beautiful gardens on the Quirinal, which bore his name for centuries, and to build the palace used afterwards by Emperors Nerva, Vespasian and Aurelian. Here he wrote his famous histories, Catiline, Jugurtha and the Five Books of His-tory, of the last of which only a few fragments are known. Sallust died in 34 B. C

Salmon (sam'uri), several species of fish belonging to the trout family and ascending rivers to spawn. They, of course, are found abundantly during migration in fresh water, but, as they feed mainly in salt

KING-SALMON

water, they may be regarded as marine fishes. They occur on the shores both of the eastern and the western continent. They are essentially cold-water fish, in Europe ranging north of Spain and on the eastern coast of North America from Maine northward, being sometimes found as far south as the mouth of the Hudson. The salmon of the Pacific, so abundant in Columbia and Yukon Rivers, belongs to another genus. This kind is more tolerant of warm water and occurs on the coast and

in rivers ^of California. The North Atlantic salmon is brownish above, with silvery sides, spotted with black. These spots often are in the form of an S. Its delicate reddish-orange flesh makes it highly prized as a table-fish,. The average weight of an adult is about 15 pounds. Very similar forms are found in Great Britain, Europe, Norway, Russia, Eastern Asia and Japan. The salmon of the western Pacific coast are larger. They ascend the Yukon 1,500 miles. The king-salmon is the largest, and is known to reach a weight of 100 pounds, although those weighing 40 or 50 pounds are considered very large. The average weight is about 22 pounds. In migrating they are able to leap over vertical waterfalls six or eight feet high, when there is considerable depth just below the falls, and they ascend swift rapids of much greater height. There are four other varieties on the Pacific coast associated with the king-salmon, but all of smaller size. The young fish at first live in the fresh water and are successively called parr, smolt and many other local names. Going into salt water after one to three years with a length of six inches, they develop rapidly, and, in a few months, reach a weight of several pounds. They are now called grilse and return to fresh water to spawn. On going to the sea again after their first spawning, they are called salmon and thereafter bear that name. The most extensive factories for canning salmon are on Columbia River. The fish canned in this region are shipped all over the world. To-day the value of the salmon catch in the United States exceeds $20,000,000. See Buckland's Fish-Hatching and Traherne's The Habits of the Salmon. Salome', a feminine name common in Palestine in the days of Christ. The notable Salome was the granddaughter of Herod the Great, who married her uncle Herod, the tetrarch. She appears in the Gospels as a young girl who was instigated by her mother, Herodias, to ask the execution of John the Baptist. Her skillful dancing induced Antipas to make the rash vow that led to the death of the prophet.

Salome, an opera by Richard Strauss, has been the subject of much discussion in musical circles and even of popular protest in France and the United States. It portrays the story of Salome and her dance before Herod and his guests, being based on the one-act drama of Oscar Wilde, who imputes to Salome a passion for the prophet which leads her to repulsi~?s actions. The keynotes are passion, terror and overshadowing destiny.

Salonica (sd'lo-ne'kd) or Saloniki, the most important city for trade in European Turkey after Constantinople. It stands at the head of the Gulf of Salonica, and since 1889 has been joined to Belgrade and