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PATERSON

1429

PATTI

tories of carpets, shawls, wire and bagging. There are over a hundred silk factories, making ribbons, handkerchiefs, veils, scarfs, fringes, dress-silks and sewing silk, giving the city the name of the Lyons of America. Population 125,600.

Paterson, William, founder of the Bank of England, was born in Dumfriesshire, Scotland, in April, 1658. He made a fortune by trade in London, and planned the Bank of England, being one of its first directors. He was active in accomplishing the union of England and Scotland. He died on Jan.

22, 1719.    See Life by Bannister. Pat'mpre, Coventry  Kearsey Deighton,

an English poet, was born in Essex, July

23, 1823, and died in Hampshire, Nov. 26, 1896. His first poems were published in 1844. His best-known work is The Angel in the House — a poem in four parts — " The Betrothal," "The Espousals," "Faithful for Ever" and "The Victories of Love." He also edited The Children's Garland and The Autobiography of Barry Cornwall.

Pat'mos, a small rocky island in the ^Egean Sea, now called Patino. It is known as the place of exile of John the apostle, and where, tradition says, he saw the visions recorded in Apocalypse or Revelation. The monastery of John the Divine, built in 1088, stands on a mountain in the island. The island belongs to Turkey, and is inhabited by about 4,000 Greeks, who live mostly by fishing for sponges.

Pat'na, the fifteenth city of British India, is situated in Bengal on the Ganges. It stretches nine miles along the river, but has narrow streets and poor houses. The government opium factories, Patna College, Mosque of Sher Shah, a Roman Catholic church and a Mohammedan college are the principal buildings. Its situation at the junction of three great rivers, the Ganges, Gandak and Son, gives it a large trade. It exports oil seeds, cocoanuts, salt, spices, cotton, and tobacco. Patna was founded probably about 600 B. C. In 1763 it was the scene of a massacre of British prisoners and of a mutiny in 18 5 7. Population 134,785.

Pa'ton John Gibson, a Scottish missionary whose field of work, for many years, wasj in the South Pacific Ocean, was born in Dumfriesshire, May 24, 1824. He labored first as a city missionary at Glasgow, and in 1858 went to the New Hebrides, working first among the cannibal natives of Tanna. After four years the opposition of the natives forced him to leave. His great work was done on Aniwa, where he lived twenty years and saw the whole population become Christians. The story of his missionary life, edited by his brother, and published in a Chicago edition in 1892, is one of the most thrilling in missionary literature. He died on Jan. 28, 1907.

Paton, Sir Noel, a British painter, was born at Dunfermline, Scotland, Dec. 13,

1821. His pictures of Christ Bearing the Cross and The Reconciliation of Oberon and Titania together gained a prize of $1,500. Scenes from fairyland and legend and religious allegory made his work familiar and have been often engraved. Among his works are Home from the Crimea, Luther at Erfurt, The Fairy Raid, Gethsemane, Christ and Mary at the Sepulchre, The Man of Sorrows and Thy Will be Done. He is known also by his illustrations of the Lays of the Scottish Cavaliers and The Ancient Mariner. He also wrote two volumes of poems. He died in 1902. Pa'triarch, Greek, the head of the Greek church. The name patriarch was

fiven to the bishops of some of the larger ivisions of sees or bishoprics of the Christian church, and at the time of the council of Nice (A. D. 325) there were three patriarchs: Those of Antioch, Alexandria and Rome. When the seat of empire was changed to Constantinople, its bishop was made a patriarch, and was superior to those of Antioch and Alexandria and second only to the prelate at Rome. The Roman or western and the Greek or eastern church arose from a division in the universal Christian church, resulting from the contests between the patriarchs of Rome and Constantinople.

Pat'rick, Saint, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland, was a distinguished missionary of the 5th century. He is thought to have been born about 392. When a boy he was taken by pirates and sold to an Irish chief, who lived near the town of Broughshane, in County Antrim. He escaped after six years and went to France, becoming a monk. In 432 he went as a missionary to Ireland, landing at Wicklow. He is said to have founded 365 churches, baptized 12,000 people and consecrated 450 bishops. The date of his death is in dispute, the year 4 70, the latest period given, making him about 100 years old. The only certain writings of his are his Confessions and a letter written to a man named Corot-icus. See Tripartite Life of St. Patrick by Stokes and Lives by Todd, Healy, Bury and Lusack.

Patti, Adelina (pat'te, ad-e-U'nd), a famous opera singer ol Italian family, was born at Madrid, Spain, on Feb. 19, 1843. When seven years old, she sang Casta Diva in New York, where her family were then living, and made her first appearance in opera in that city in 1859. Her first appearance at London in 1861 was as successful as were

ADELINA  PATTI