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MILLER

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MILLS

torical paintings then exhibited. He became connected with Rossetti and Hunt, and was much influenced by them, as also by the writings of Ruskin on art. Pictures of this period are Christ in the House of His Parents, called The Carpenters Shop, The Woodman's Daughter and The Huguenot. After his election in 1856 to the Royal Academy he exhibited Autumn Leaves; later he finished the Vale of Rest, The Minuet and Rosalind and Celia. His later works show another change in his jdeas of art, and in their brilliant coloring and high finish are almost unrivaled in modern work. The Boyhood of Raleigh, The Gambler's Wife, The Proscribed Royahst, Yeoman of the Guard, Yes or No, The Order of Release, The Black Bruns-wicker and Effie Deans are among his later paintings. He died at London, Aug. 13, 1896.

Miller, Cincinnatus Heine, an American poet whose pen-name is Joaquin Miller, was born in Indiana in 1841. His early life was spent in Oregon and California and among the Indians. He wrote verses in these early days, though with little knowledge even of the rules of grammar. He studied law, and began practice in Oregon, where he wrote Songs of the Sierras, published first in London. He has since written Songs of the Sunland, Ships in the Desert, Songs of the Mexican Suns, Songs of Italy and Building of the City Beautiful. He is a well-known contributor to newspapers and periodicals. Since 1887 he has made his home in Oakland, California.

Miller, Harriett Mann, was born at Auburn, N. Y., on June 25, 1831, and was educated in private schools. In 1854 she married Watts Todd Miller. Olive Thorne Miller is her pen-name. She has gained a wide reputation as a lecturer on the life of birds, but is best known as the author of Little Folks in Feathers and Fur.

Miller, Hugh, a Scotch geologist and writer, was born at Cromarty, on Oct. 10, 1802. His education was gained mostly by reading in the intervals of his work as a stonemason. In 1829 his Poems written in the Leisure Hours of a Journeyman Mason appeared, and in 1835 Scenes and Legends of the North of Scotland. His famous Letter to Lord Brougham, in the church-disputes in Scotland, brought him into notice, and he was invited to Edinburgh to edit The Witness, a Liberal and Presbyterian newspaper. A series of geological articles in this paper, when published in book-form, was called The Old Red Sandstone, and contained an account of his discovery of fossils where they had never been thought to exist. His work brought him the notice of Murchison and other great geologists, Agassiz saying ' * he would give his left hand to possess such

Eowers of description."   He contributed at iast 1,000 articles to The Witness, and also contributed to Chambers' Journal,    He also wrote Footsteps of the. Greater   My Schools,

and Schoolmasters, Testimony of the Rocks and Cruise of the Betsey. He was one of the first writers to make geology popular, and his books are very readable to those not particularly interested in that science. He died at Portobello, near Edinburgh, Dec. 24, 1856, having shot himself in a moment of aberration. See his Life and Letters by Peter Bayne.

Millet, a name applied to several grasses of prime importance, because extensively used for fodder, the grain being highly valued for fowls and cage-birds. In certain countries it even is an important food for man. It is of ancient and general cultivation. The original millet or broom-corn millet of Europe is Panicum miliaceum. In the United States the common millets are forms of Setaria italica known as the fox-tail millets; while the well-known millet-grass is Milium effusum. To the common brown millet (P. crus-galli) the name of Japanese millet is sometimes given.

Millet (me'ld), Jean Francois, a French painter, was born in Gruchy, Oct. 4, 1814. The son of a farmer, he at first worked as a farm-laborer, but his taste for painting was so evident that he was sent to study with Monchel in Cherbourg. His master induced the town-authorities to grant his pupil an annuity to help him in his studies. He went afterwards to Paris and studied with Dela-roche. He painted small pictures, portraits and even signboards in his first efforts to support himself. After the revolution of 1848, through which he had struggled, practicing his art and fighting at the barricades, he settled in Barbizon, near the forest of Fontainebleau. Here he lived much like the peasants and began his work of painting the peasant-life of France. The Sower, Peasants Grafting, The Gleaners, Waiting, The Angelus, The Man with the Hoe, Wool-Carding and Shepherdess and Flock are some of his best-known works, His most celebrated picture, The Angelus, sold for over $100,000. It was exhibited for a year in the United States. He died at Barbizon, which under his influence had become an artist colony, Jan. 20, 1875. See The Barbizon School by Millet.

Mills, David, born in Kent County (Ontario) in 1831. Represented Bothwell in the House oi Commons from 1867 to 1882 and from 1883 to 1896. Was called to Senate of Canada, Nov. 13, 1896. He was retained by the Ontario government to defend the northwestern boundary of Ontario, 1872, and was counsel on this subject for Ontario government before the judicial committee of the imperial privy council, 1884. He was elected a member of the council of public instruction of Ontario, 1875, and on establishment of faculty of law by the University of Toronto he was chosen to fill the chair of constitutional and international law,, 1888. He entered the. Lauri,er admix-