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KEY WEST

zooz

KIDD

cated at St. John's College, Annapolis, and practiced law at Frederick City and Washington. During the British attack on Baltimore in September, 1814, and while detained on the British fleet during the bombardment of Fort McHenry, Key wrote his immortal lyric. Whe poet died at Baltimore, Md., Jan. n, 1843.

Key West, Fla., a port of entry and county-seat of Monroe County, Florida, is situated on the island of Key West, 60 miles southwest of Cape Sable. It is a coral island, seven miles long and from two to three wide, and nowhere is more than 11 feet above the sea. There is a good harbor, defended by a casemated brick fort; and the buildings include a custom-house, barracks and a marine hospital. The Methodist Seminary and Holy Name Academy are the principal institutions of learning; the latter was used as a hospital for soldiers during the Spanish-American War. The streets are wide and straight, with street-car lines; most of the houses are built of wood. The exports are salt, turtles, sponges, fruits, vegetables and cigars, which are manufactured here in large quantities. The nearness of dangerous reefs has made the business of salvage of much importance, for although the government has erected two lighthouses in the harbor and others among the islands, every year sees numerous wrecks. The climate is warm and equable, and the place is a favorite resort of consumptives. Key West is connected by rail with the mainland 130 miles distant. Population 19,945. See FLORIDA KEYS.

Khartum (kdr'ffiom'), the most important town in Egyptian Sudan, situated between the Blue and the White Nile, a short distance above their junction. Khartum is the starting-point and terminus of caravans for the interior, and for a long time was noted for its activity in the slave-trade. It has a melancholy interest from its heroic defense by General Gordon against the superior force of the Mahdi in 1884-85. Two days before the rescuing army reached the place, the city fell, and Gordon was among the slain. Khartum is in railway and telegraphic connection with Cairo, and since December, 1899, the Sudan has been open for traffic. Before the dervish revolt a considerable trade was carried on with Egypt, the exports being gold dust, ostrich feathers, gums, hides and skins. There is an English governor-general at Khartum.

Khedive (ha'dev^, The, a Turkish name for a king or lord, has been the title of the modern viceroys of Egypt since 1867, when it was given by Sultan Abdul Aziz of Turkey to Ismail Pasha. The office was to be hereditary in the khedive's family. The sultan, however, soon regretted the strength and influence which Ismail derived from the new title; and with British aid Ismail was deposed in 1879. Other khedives of the family of Ismail followed; but in 1882 a quarrel

with Britain led to the bombardment of Alexandria and the occupation of Egypt by a British army. Since 1882 the khedive has been somewhat of a puppet in British hands, while a new era of prosperity has dawned for Egypt.

Khiva (ke'vd), a khanate of Turkestan in central Asia, now a Russian vassal state. It contains about 22,320 square miles, the surface being mostly a sandy desert, with many fertile tracts scattered over it. The population, half of which is Turcoman, is estimated at 800,000. Ever since the Russians entered central Asia there has been more or less strife and hostility between them and the Khivans. The khan has no power to make treaties with foreign powers without the sanction of Russia. The chief town is Khiva (population about 5,000). The products are chiefly silk and cotton. See works by Burnaby and Landsell.

Khor'sabad'. See NINEVEH.

Khyber (kl'bur) Pass, the great northern military road between the Punjab and Afghanistan. This pass is a little over 30 miles in length and varies in width from 150 to 20 yards, although in one place it is only about 10 feet wide. Khyber Pass has been the key of the adjacent regions in either direction since the days of Alexander the Great. According to the terms of the treaty of Ganda-mak, made in 1879, the Anglo-Indian authorities are hereafter to have full control of this pass.

Kiauchau (k£-oufchouf), a Chinese seaport in the province of Shantung, ceded to Germany on a 99 years' lease in January, 1898; area of the protectorate, exclusive of the bay, about 200 square miles, with a population inside the neutral zone of 33,000. It is used by Germany as a fortified dockyard and naval station.

Kick'apoo Indians, a tribe of the Algonquin family, found by French missionaries, toward the close of the 17th century, on Wisconsin River. They took an active part against the settlers during Pontiac's war in 1765. By the treaty of Greenville, on Aug. 3, 1795, they ceded a part of their lands, and a few years afterward made further cessions. Against the warning ^of General Harrison they joined Tecumseh in 1811, and fought in the battle of Tippecanoe. They are now settled in northeastern Kansas andinOklhoma.

Kidd, Capt. William, was born about 1650 in Scotland, and is supposed to have been the son of a Covenanting minister. Kidd went early to sea, and highly distinguished himself in privateering against the French in the West Indies. In 1691 he received a reward of $750 from New York city for protecting the colony against pirates. In 1695 a company for the suppression of piracy was organized in England, and the command of the enterprise given to Kidd. In 1696 Kidd set sail for Madagascar, the rendezvous of the pirates. Very soon after,