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KEENE

995

KELLY

the Christian Year, which, attained a very large circulation and an influence that can hardly be overestimated. Keble was one of the leading spirits in what was known as the tractariar movement in the Anglican church, and for several years was actively engaged with Pusey, Newman and others in issuing Tracts for the Times. He died at Bournemouth, March 27, 1866. See Memoir by J. T. Coleridge and Studies in Poetry and Philosophy by J. C. Shairp.

Keene, N. H., a city, county-seat of Cheshire County, is about 43 miles from Manchester. Its leading industries are the repairshops of the Boston and Maine Railroad, shoe, glue, blind, tub, furniture and pail factories, a pottery and a woolen mill. The city, then known as Upper Ashuelot, was settled in 1734, and in 1753 became incorporated as Keene. It is on Ashuelot River, and has the service of two railroads. Population 10,068.

Kel'ler, Helen. In our biographies we are accustomed to speak of physical defects, poverty and other circumstances which make lifework more difficult at the outset, as misfortunes. An examination of the facts would indicate quite the opposite. The nervous stammer of Demosthenes, the blindness of Milton, Bach and Fawcett, and the initial poverty of almost all rich men seems to strongly indicate that what we call misfortunes are simply obstructions that tend to force concentration and singleness of purpose.

The high value of the sense of touch in mental development is one of the great facts of education that have been emphasized for us in such activities as manual training (q. v.) and the Montessori (q. v.) methods. In the case of Laura Bridgeman (q. v.) and Helen Keller the sense of touch gave the only access to minds and souls struggling for growth out of the dark and the educational triumph in both cases is one of the most inspiring and significant things in the history of human progress. It shows what can be done with this one faculty alone.

Helen Keller was born in 1880 in Tus-cumbia, Alabama, endowed with all the senses. At the age of 18 months a serious sickness deprived her of sight and hearing. When she was six and a half, her parents read Charles Dickens' account of the wonderful work done with another deaf and blind girl, Laura Bridg-man; and they sent for a teacher from Boston who i»iglit do the same

for Helen Keller. Miss Sullivan came, and has with wonderful patience and skill taught Miss Keller to understand the pressure of another person's hand on ners, so that she can converse easily and quickly with her hands. By this means it is possible for Miss Sullivan to sit beside her and report the speech of a lecturer as fast as he utters it. Miss Keller has also learnt to utter words, though not perfectly. She can of course read the regular print used for the blind. She can also get something of a person's peculiarities of speech by placing her hand on the mouth and throat of the speaker. Her sense of smell is very keen, and is the source of many of her pleasures. She has actually succeeded in taking a regular college course at Radclifle, with Miss Sullivan's aid; and she now writes fluently and well for The Ladies' Home Journal and other magazines. She has a wonderful imagination; and the way she speaks of visible things suggests that she still retains something from the first 18 months of her life when she could see and hear. She seems happy, and is thoroughly amiable under what would seem an intolerable burden of misfortune. See The Story of My Life by Helen Keller and The Pop. Sci. Monthly, May, 1903.

Kel'logg, Clara Louise, an American operatic singer of rare gifts was born of northern parentage, at Sumterville, S. C.f in 1842. Her musical education was obtained at New York city, and in the winter of 1861-62 she sang in its Academy of Music. Later she appeared in Her Majesty's theater in London, where she met with a brilliant reception and was engaged for the following season. She returned, to the United States in 1872, and, after singing :lr all the principal cities, both north and souti, accepted another engagement in London and sang with Nilsson at Drury Lane. After a tour on the European con-tincjit, including visits to St. Petersburg and Vienna, she retired in 1880, and appeared afterwards chiefly in concerts. The successes she met with were mainly in the rdles of Marguerite in Gounod's Faust, Rigoletto in the Barber of Seville and Lucia in Lucia di Lammermoor. In 1887 Miss Kellogg married Carl Strakosch, a nephew of Max Strakosch, the great impresario

Kelly, William, the inventor of the steelmaking process called Bessemer's or the pneumatic process, was born at Pitts-burg, Pa., in 1811 and died at Louisville, Ky., in 1888. In 1847, while manufacturing iron, he discovered that for melted meta? air is fuel and other fuel is needless. He saw a white spot at the edge of molten iron in a furnace. At this spot the iron was incandescent and almost gaseous, though no fuel was burning at this spot in the iron. Air atone was blowing on the

HELEN KELLER