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IGORROTES morning, at other times disappears and reappears each half-hour. Observers have described it as a flame floating in the air, either close to the ground or a few feet above it. It is often seen as a fixed flame shining steadily, and at other times as a light in motion, bounding over the country. Its appearance is most common in the north of Germany, in the marshes of England and in the lowlands of Scotland. The cause of the strange light has been supposed to be the burning of the gassy vapor which arises from decaying vegetable matter, but this cannot be so, as this gas does not burn unless set on fire. Popular names for it are Will-o'-the-wisp and Jack-o'-lantern  Igorro′tes, a race of warlike Filipinos, largely of the Malayan type, are chiefly confined to the island of Luzon. They show traces of Mongolian blood, due to the long-continued rule of the Chinese. They are to be distinguished from the black and dwarfish Negritos.  Illimani, one of the principal mountains of the Bolivian Andes. It is 40 miles southeast of La Paz and is 21,150 feet in height.  Illinois, one of the central states of the United States, contains 56,650 square miles. It is 378 miles long and 210 wide. The state is divided into 102 counties, with the capital at Springfield, near its center. The chief cities are Chicago, Peoria, Quincy, East St. Louis, Springfield, Rockford and Joliet. The state is bounded by Wisconsin on the north and by Lake Michigan and Indiana on the east, and is separated by the Ohio from Kentucky on the south and by the Mississippi from Iowa and Missouri on the west.

Surface. The Prairie State, as Illinois is called, is in the main level. Unlike the great plains of the west, however, it is rolling, with sloping hills and broad, shallow valleys. The highest part of the state is in the northwest, where there are some high hills. The southern part of the state is crossed by another line of hills, from the Ohio to the Mississippi. This is a spur of the Ozark Mountains. The central part of the state is a broad valley, extending in a southwesterly direction almost across the state. A low ridge of land, stretching across the northeast corner, separates this central valley from Lake Michigan. This divide, which prevented the lake from flowing into the upper streams of the Illinois, has been cut through, and this cut forms the Drainage Canal, which see.

Drainage. Nearly three fourths of the boundary of Illinois is formed by navigable rivers. The main rivers of the interior have a southwesterly direction. They are the Rock, Illinois (500 miles long) and the Kaskaskia, which flow into the Mississippi.

Soil and Climate. The fertility of Illinois is such as to make it one of the finest farming states in the Union. It has few hills or mountains, being mainly rich prairies, while the river-bottoms, with a vegetable soil 40 feet in depth, have produced crops for many successive years without fertilizing. The extreme southern part of the state is warm, with mild winters, but the northern part has a severe climate. Sudden changes of temperature are frequent, and extremes of heat and cold are great.

Products and Natural Resou cr rc es. The chief cereal crops are corn, wheat and oats, but barley, rye and buckwheat are also grown. Potatoes, hay and tobacco, apples, pears, peaches, grapes etc. also are among its products. The state has a large stock industry, comprising cattle, horses, swine and mules. It is rich in minerals, having nearly one fifth of the coal-field area of the United States, which covers about three-fourths of the state, with 800 mines. Iron ore, zinc, lead and copper are found, also petroleum, natural gas, fluor-spar and limestone.

Education. The state has done and is doing great things for education, which is free and compulsory for children between seven and 14 years of age. General supervision of the public schools is entrusted to the superintendent of public instruction. Each county has a superintendent, who examines accounts, inspects schools, and grants teachers' certificates. Among the prominent educational institutions of Illinois are the Chicago University, with 334 instructors, St. Ignatius College (R. C.); Northwestern University, with 195 instructors; Lake Forest College, with 18 instructors; Knox College at Galesburg, with 32 instructors; Illinois Wesleyan University, at Bloomington, with 22 instructors; Armour Institute of Technology, at Chicago, with 68 instructors; and at Peoria, Bradley Polytechnic. Illinois has normal schools at Normal, De Kalb, Charleston, Carbondale, Macomb and Chicago; and located at Urbana is the state university, with 609 instructors. The state university has an agricultural department and an experimental station connected with it, and in 1862 received from congress a land-grant of 480,000 acres. Other institutions are Illinois College, Shurtleff College, McCormick, Union Baptist and Chicago Theological Seminaries.

Manufactures. Having natural advantages in its water communication by lake and rivers, abundance of coal and, in addition, many thousand miles of railway, Illinois has become a great manufacturing state. Her chief industries are slaughtering and meat packing, the manufacture of iron and steel, foundry and machine-shop products, furniture, agricultural implements, clothing, liquors, printing and publishing, electrical machinery and railway cars.

Railroads and Population. Illinois ranks as second state in the mileage of railroads.