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CADE

3O2

OBDMON

tinuous drouth. Their leaves have been abandoned for the most part, and the variously shaped stems are organized to expose the least amour t of surface and to retain water. The largest forms are species of the genus Cereus, among which are the giant cacti, whose columnar bodies with clumsy branches rise sometimes to a height of fifty to sixty feet. The spherical forms mostly belong to the genera Mamillaria and Echinocactus; the flat forms

CACTI

or prickly pear belong to the genus Opuntia. The common prickly pear has long been naturalized in the Mediterranean region. Many of the cactus fruits are edible, and certain genera are very useful to the natives of Mexico. Recent cultivation has produced a spineless cactus which promises to be of great value as a food for cattle. The flowers are usually very showy, and the spines are also often brilliantly colored. The eastern variety, prickly pear or Indian fig, is distributed in this country from Massachusetts to Florida; the western cactus ranges from Minnesota to Texas.

Cade (kdd), Jack, leader of the rising in England of the men of Kent, in 1450. He took the name of Mortimer and the title of Captain of Kent, and marched on London with over 15,000 followers and encamped at Blackheath. He complained of certain grievances, and asked the king (Henry VI) to change his counselors. He was forced to retreat, but later gained a victory over a part of the king's forces, and, entering London, beheaded Lord Say, one of the king's favorites. But his troops soon scattered, a price was set upon his head, and he was killed in a garden near Heathfield, Sussex, as he was trying to reach the coast.

Cad'iliac, Michigan, a city, the seat of Wexford County, on Little Clam Lake, and on the Grand Rapids & Indiana and the Ann Arbor railroad, 96 miles^ north of Grand Rapids. It is in a region of fine hardwood timber and has large local lumber interests as well as considerable general manufacturing. It has a number of churches, schools and attractive public buildings. Population, (1910), 8,375.

Cadiz (kad'tz), a Spanish city in Andalusia, near the Strait of Gibraltar, capital of the province of the same name. It is situated at the extreme end 01 a narrow tongue of land projecting from the Island of Leon. It is washed by the Atlantic and the Bay of Cadiz, and is one of the best fortified cities of Spain. The shining granite ramparts and the whitewashed houses give it a bright appearance; but there are few public buildings of note. The Alameda is a pleasant public walk by the seaside. After the discovejy of America, Cadiz reached its highest prosperity, becoming the depot of all the trade with the New World. When the South American colonies became independent, the city declined greatly, but has since revived, owing to the extension of the railroad system and the establishment of new lines of steamers. About 3,800 ships enter the port yearly. There also are a number of manufactures. Cadiz was built by the Phoenicians, about noo B. C., under the name of Gaddir, meaning "fortress." It was afterward held by Carthaginians, Romans, Goths, Moors and Spaniards. Here Drake destroyed a Spanish fleet; Essex burned and pillaged the city; the French blockaded it; and the Spanish revolution of 1868 found its birthplace at Cadiz. Population, 67,174.

Cad'mus, in classical mythology a son of Agenor, king of Phoenicia, and brother of the beautiful Europa. When the latter had been carried off by Zeus, who had become enamored of the beautiful maid, Cadmus, his brothers and mother were sent in search of her. Not finding her, Cadmus proceeded to Bceotia, where, tradition relates, he founded Thebes and built the Cadmeia. Here, the myth continues, he sowed dragon's teeth, which sprang up as armed men who slew each other, save a few from whom the Thebans later claimed descent. Subsequently, Cadmus married Harmonia, a flute-player, and both were changed by Jupiter (Zeus) into a serpent; though another account relates that he went to Illyria. The introduction of the Phoenician alphabet into Greece is attributed to Cadmus, while he is also said to have been the inventor of many useful arts.

Caedmon (kad'mun), the earliest English writer of note who used his own Anglo-Saxon language, and the first religious poet of the Teutonic race. The account of him is given by Bede. He was a cowherd who had never until quite old learned any poem, and often, at festivals, when it came his turn to take the harp and sing, he would rise from the feast and go home. Once when he had gone from the feast to the stable, there appeared to him in sleep one who said to him: "Caedmon, sing me some song." "I cannot sing," was the