Page:Journal of botany, British and foreign, Volume 34 (1896).djvu/477

 EUPHRASIA SALISBURGENSIS FUNK, NATIVE IN IRELAND. 443 viridia vel prffiserfcim in parte inferiore plantse rubescentia, glaher- rima vel in pagina inferiore glandulis sessilibus vel in margine et nervis prominentibus setulis minimis sparsis. Spica initio con- densata, fructifera valde elongata. Flores subsessiles. Calyx glaber vel setulis minutis obsitus, fructifer modice accretus ; dentes lanceolato-triangulares. Corolla parva fine anthesis 6-8 mm. Ig., labio superiore bilobo, lobis reflexis emarginatis vel denticulatis, labio inferiore 3-lobo, lobis emarginatis, subtus solum ad basin pilosis. Corolla plerumque albida labio superiore caeruleo, sed etiam tota caerulea, purpurea vel violacea. Capsula cuneato-elongata, trun- cato-emarginata, calycis dentes subaequans vel superans, glaberri^na vel solum in parte superiore marginis pilis sparsis brevibus inflexis ciliata. Flowering time from July to late autumn. "Distribution. — Scandinavia (Arctic Norway), (Nyman) ; Chris- tiania (Blytt) ; Gothland and Jutland ; [Ireland] ; in the mountains of middle and South Europe (Pyrenees, Sierra Nevada, Alps, Jura, Carpathians, Balkans, Apennines, Corsica); not unfrequently de- scending into the plains." The plant is eminently alpine. Gremli, in Excursionsflora fur die Schweiz, gives *'Alp., Voralp., and Jura." Alp. implies an altitude of about from 3400 to 4900 ft. above sea-level, and Voralp. from 4900 to 7800 ft. I have myself found the plant at an altitude of about 7800 ft. in Switzerland. For the synonymy I must refer to Prof. Wettstein's Monograph, as it is too lengthy to insert here. As might be expected from an extensive range in altitude as well as from a wide geographical range, several varieties have been noticed. Prof. Wettstein says, p. 226, Monog., they are so numer- ous that it would be useless to notice them all. He says, as a rule, that in damp localities the leaves [and bracts] are broader, the teeth shorter, and the whole plant smoother ; whereas in dry places the leaves [and bracts] are narrower, the teeth longer and more aristate, and the calyx more or less hispid. This description I can endorse. Dr. Gunther Beck, in Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, xxxiii, 226 (1883), in describing what he considered a new Euphrasia, which he named E. nivalis (placed by Wettstein with E. Salisburgensis), groups the varieties of E. Salisburgensis as follows : — a. vera. Caule elongato ssepe filiforme, ramosissimo (ad 20 cm. et ultra alto) ; ramis erectis, principali paulum brevioribus ; foliis bracteisque lineari-lanceolatis, paucidentatis ; floribus remotissimis. 13. alpicola. Caule humili ssepe crassiore, simplice vel pauci- ramoso (ut plurimum 10 cm. alto) bracteis latioribus subovatis, spica densiore et breviore. Among some of the principal named varieties are E. eodgua Renter, E. Soyeri Timb. Lagr., E. nivalis Beck., E. cuprcea Jord., E. Corsica Towns., E. Soubeiriniana Timb. Lagr., E. Salisburgensis V. a^igustifolia Towns. ; but I would again refer to Wettstein's Monograph for a more detailed account of these. On a future occasion I hope to be able to notice at greater 2 G 2