Page:John Nolen--New ideals in the planning of cities.djvu/89

CITIES, TOWNS AND VILLAGES Buildings" in the National Municipal League volume on "City Planning," 19 16. Other references are: the paper by Frederick L. Ackerman on "City Planning and Civic Design," Proceedings of National Conference on City Planning, 1915; Burnham & Bennett's "Plan of Chicago," 1907; "The Grouping of Public Buildings," F. L. Ford, compiler; "Municipal Art Society of Hartford, Bulletin No. 2," 1904; article by John Simpson in Municipal Journal and Engineer, July 7, 1909.

Aside from questions connected with the arrangement and width of local streets, the size of lots and blocks, and the zoning or districting of a city, the principal city planning problems of housing are more or less directly connected with the task of providing an adequate supply of suitable houses for workingmen. Such a supply can be secured only by recognizing that housing is intimately and permanently related to a number of large and difficult problems. Some of these are planning problems, some are questions of broad economic policy. For example, we have the close relation between city planning and housing—how it is influenced by the location of factories, by the proper districting of the city and by other building regulations; by the street system, and especially by the means of transportation; by the proper distribution and development of parks, playgrounds, and neighborhood facilities for recreation. Many housing schemes have been carried through as if they were isolated phenomena, and thus have failed of their purpose.

Then, housing is, of course, closely related to the building interests, materials of construction, and the loss by depreciation and fire. It is affected directly by policies with regard to land and taxation, by the prevailing practice as