Page:John Nolen--New ideals in the planning of cities.djvu/76

NEW IDEALS IN THE PLANNING OF fies docks according to the types of ownership as follows: (1) public ownership, including both state and city ownership; (2) the harbor trust; (3) railroad ownership; (4) ownership by private corporations or individuals not engaged in the transportation business, either rail or water; (5) ownership by the boat line which maintains and operates the dock facilities primarily for its own use. The paper includes a full description of New York's municipal dock system; New Orleans under a state commission; the harbor of San Francisco; Montreal's monopoly of its port; examples of private ownership; the movement in Philadelphia and Baltimore toward municipal ownership; the benefits of public ownership; and the relation of dock development to city planning, about which the following statement is made:

"The case for the public ownership of docks becomes still stronger when considered in relation to city planning The waterfront constitutes one of the chief features of any city located on navigable water. Proper correlations of water-carriers with other forms of transportation is of the utmost importance. Both beauty and utility call for development in accordance with a plan that recognizes the need for unity. Experience teaches that development on the basis of unity usually is possible only where the policy of complete public ownership prevails. Private rights on the waterfront of a city are likely to prove a serious obstacle to the execution of comprehensive plans that recognize all the needs of a community."

The most complete and up-to-date reference for the bibliography of docks and harbors is to be found in the "Bibliography of Municipal Government," by W. B. Munro, Section XXXII.