Page:John Nolen--New ideals in the planning of cities.djvu/75

CITIES, TOWNS AND VILLAGES mind in connection with the preparation of a comprehensive plan for dock and harbor development are as follows: (1) the marginal streets and railways should form the base line upon which to develop an efficient waterfront and industrial system; (2) the establishment of harbor lines and the laying out of the waterways is a matter of equal importance, these two forming the foundation for the port terminal plan; (3) the dry docks, warehouses, factory buildings, etc., are subordinate; (4) the entire port situation should be analyzed with a view to determining what purposes the various districts are best suited to serve—that is, overseas shipping, local shipping, or industrial purposes, coordinating these so as to make one unified terminal system; (5) the port terminal plan should not be burdened with details at the start, but provision should be made for the essentials, the other facilities being provided from time to time in accordance with the growth and needs of the community.

The Bush Terminal in Brooklyn, N. Y., is the best example in the country of a fully developed industrial harbor. It comprises six factors, namely: (1) the docks where ship cargoes are discharged; (2) the bulkhead over which, by certain appliances, goods are transferred from the docks; (3) the warehouses; (4) the .harbor railroad back of the warehouses, which is connected not only with them and with the main railroads but also with the loft buildings; (5) the great loft buildings for factories; (6) the residential area where many of those employed in the Terminal live.

American dock development has been well summarized in a paper by George C. Sikes of Chicago, presented to the National Conference on City Planning in 191 1. He classi-