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THE TEST—WORLD WAR I $16$ Ibid., pp. 109–14; Ltr, Maj Gen John J. Pershing to Maj Gen Tasker H. Bliss, 9 Jul 17, no subject, Pershing Papers, LC; James W. Rainey, "Ambivalent Warfare: The Tactical Doctrine of the AEF in World War I," Parameters 13 (Sep 1983): 38; Pershing, My Experiences, 1:106–07.

$17$ Organization, AEF, pp. 83, 99–100, 105.

$18$ Ibid., pp. 93–96.

$19$ Palmer, Bliss, pp. 170–71; James G. Harbord, The American Army in France 1917–1919 (Boston: Little Brown and Co., 1936), pp. 102–04.

$20$ Organization, AEF, p. 138; Tables of Organization (hereafter cited as T/O), Series A, Table 1, Infantry Division, 1917.

$21$ T/O, Series A, Table 2, Headquarters, Infantry Division, Table 3, Infantry Brigade, Table 12, Field Artillery Brigade, Headquarters, 1917.

$22$ WD Bull 32, 1917; WD GO 88, 1917; Henry Jervey, "Mobilization of the Emergency Army," lecture at the Army War College, 3 Jan 1920, copy in DAMH Library, Washington, D.C.; Chambers, To Raise an Army, p. 140.

$23$ Memo, WCD for CofS, 20 Feb 17, sub: A plan for an expansible army of 500,000 men based on universal liability to the military service, localization of organizations, and decentralization of administration, TAG file 9433, RG 165, NARA (the memo offers the C/S three options to increase the size of the Army); Ltr, Ch of the MB, to TAGS of all States, Territory of Hawaii, District of Columbia, and inspector-instructors and officers in charge of militia affairs, department headquarters, 5 May 17, sub: Organization and entry in Federal service of National Guard. MB file 325.4, RG 168, NARA. Also see U.S. Congress, House of Representatives, Committee on Military Affairs, The National Defense Hearings. 69th Cong., 2d Sess., 3 May 1917, pp. 303–04.<section end="Note23" />

$24$ <section begin="Note24" />Rpt of the Sec of War, ARWD, 1917, pp. 25–34.<section end="Note24" />

$25$ <section begin="Note25" />Ibid.; Rpt of the Construction Div, ARWD, 1918, pp. 1283–86.<section end="Note25" />

$26$ <section begin="Note26" />Memo, WCD for CofS, sub: Designation of force to compose the Army of the United States, 23 Jun 17, and Memo, WCD for Cold, sub: Designation of organizations, 23 Aug 17, WCD file 9876, RG 165, NARA; WD GOs 88 and 115, 1917; Special Regulations No. 41, Change 1, Uniform Regulations, 1917.<section end="Note26" />

$27$ <section begin="Note27" />WD GOs 90, 101, 109, and 114, 1917; Army War College (hereafter cited as AWC) Statement, Proposed organization of the increased military establishment and proposed plan for providing the necessary officers, 9 Aug 17, CofS files 1917–1921, file 1080, RG 165, NARA.<section end="Note27" />

$28$ <section begin="Note28" />Kreidberg and Henry, Mobilization, pp. 320–21; AWC Statement: Proposed organization of the increased military establishment, 9 Aug 17; Order of Battle of the United States Land Forces in the World War (1917–19), Zone of the Interior (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1949), pp. 79–80.<section end="Note28" />

$29$ <section begin="Note29" />Order of Battle of the United States Land Forces in the World War, American Expeditionary Forces, Divisions (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1931), pp. 117–265 passim, hereafter cited as Divisions, and Zone of the Interior, part 2, Directory of Troops (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1949), pp. 1277–78, hereafter cited as Directory of Troops; Pennsylvania in the World War, 1:131–40, 2:141; O'Ryan, The Story of the 27th Division, 1:61–70; Frederick L. Huidekoper, The History of the 33d Division, A.E.F., 4 vols. (Springfield: Illinois State Historical Library, 1921) 1:1–7.<section end="Note29" />

$30$ <section begin="Note30" />Ltr, TAG to Brig Gen Clarence R. Edwards, sub: Preparation of the 26th Division for service abroad, 13 Aug 17, and Ltr, CG, 26th Division to TAG, sub: Organization of the 26th Division, 22 Sep 17, copies in DAMH-HSO World War I order of battle file; Harry A. Benwell, History of the Yankee Division (Boston, Mass.: Cornhill Co., 1919), pp. 20–21; Rpt of the Ch of the MB, ARWD, 1918, p. 1104; William F. Strobridge, Golden Gate to Golden Horn (San Mateo, Calif.: San Mateo County Historical Association, 1975), p. 3; Divisions, pp. 117, 256.<section end="Note30" />

$31$ <section begin="Note31" />Frederick Palmer, Newton D. Baker, American at War, 2 vols. (New York: Dodd, Mead, and Co., 1931) 1:356–57; Memo, WCD for CofS, 30 Jul 17, sub: Composition Division, National Guard for service in France, RG 165, NARA; Ltr, TAG to Dept Commanders, 1 Aug 17, same subject, TAG 322.07 ee in 42d Inf Div File, DAMH-HSO; Divisions, p. 275. Brig Gen William <section end="Note31" />