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559 Baruch, Baruch Baruch b. Jacob

THE JEWISH ENCYCLOPEDIA

559 Shealtiul of

Avignon, Joseph Samuel

b.

Abraham

of

Aix, David b. Samuel of Estella, Abraham b. Isaac of Carpentras, Solomon b. Judah, as well as the whole rabbinical college at Aries. In consequence of the quarrel, Baruch left Digue and settled in central Prance, as Isaac de Lattes states in his responsa. He was doubtless the same as the Baruch of WOTU, or ^K'Jtia (possibly Buseins in the department of Aveyron), who corresponded with Eliezer b. Josef of Chinon and Simon b. Isaac of Rodez. Bibliography Rev. Etudes Juives,

schrift, 1879, p. 423



xii. 91



Gross, in Monats-

idem, Gallia Judaica, pp. 106,

155.

M.

G.

S.

BARUCH BEN ISAAC YAISH.

See Ibn

Yaisii.

BARUCH, JACOB

President



Baumeister

("

")

of the Jewish congregation of Frankfort-on-theMain at the beginning of the nineteenth century;

Ludwig Borne. Jacob's father was finanagent of the elector of Cologne. Baruch is described by his contemporaries as a " man of sense, a courtier, sometimes orthodox, sometimes modern." Because of the confidence of his coreligionists and also because he had patrons at that court, he was elected to be the representative of the Frankfort community at the Congress of Vienna (Oct. 1814), and the bearer of a memorial concerning the rights

father of cial

,

BARUCH BEN GERSON OF AREZZO lived in the seventeenth century. He of "Zikkaron li-Bene Yisrael" (Memorial for the Children of Israel), containing a short Italian writer



was the author account

the Almanzi manuscript,

four small folios) of the agitation caused by Shabbethai Zebi and his prophet Nathan of Gaza, from the years 5425 to 5436 (1665 to 1676). The account has never been published it exists in MS. 2226 of the Bodleian collection; MS. 204 of the Almanzi collection (now in the British Museum), and in part in the collection of Baron de Giinzburg at St. Petersburg. Baruch was a follower of Shabbethai, and wrote the account with the view of persuading others to join, According to the ranks of the Shabbethaians. Grittz, the account is not of much historical value. It must not be confounded with an anti-Shabbethaian account published anonymously in Venice, 1668, and reprinted in Tobiah Cohen's "Ma'aseh Tobiah," fols. 27a et seq., Venice, 1707, and bearing the same title. Bibliography Gratz, Oeseh. der Juden, 3d ed., x. 422 Neu(in







bauer, Cat. Bodl. Hebr. MSS. col. 768 8. D. Luzzatto, in Hebr. Bibl. v. 106 idem, Cat. de la Bihl. de J. Almanzi, p. 25 (Hebrew part); Steinschneider. Cat. Bodl. cols. 2677,2798; Benjacob, Ozar ha-Sefarim, p. 157, No. 155 ; Mortara, Indiee Alfatietico, s.v.



G.

BARUCH, ISAAC. See Albalia. BARUCH B. ISAAC (ha-Kohen ?)



Tosafist

He was born at andcodifier; flourished about 1200. Worms, but lived at Regensburg; hence he is sometimes called after the one and sometimes after the pupil of the great Tosafist Isaac b. other city.

A

Samuel of Dampierre, Baruch wrote Tosafot

to sev-

Kiddushin, Nazir, Shabbat, Hulnearly all those extant on the order Zebahim lin) A. Epstein believes that the commentary are his. on the Sifra contained in the Munich MS. No. 59 is the work of this Baruch. He is the author also of the legal compendium, " Sefer ha-Terumah " (Book of the Heave-Offering, Venice, 1523; Zolkiev, 1811), containing the ordinances concerning slaughtering, permitted and forbidden food, the Sabbath, tefilThe book is one of the most important lin, etc. German codes, and was highly valued by contemIt is noteworthy by reason poraries and successors. of the author's attempt to facilitate its use by presenting a synopsis of its contents, the first attempt at making a practical ritual codex in Germany. eral treatises (e.g.,

Bibliography: Azulai, Shem ha-Gedolim, i. 38, ed. Wilna Kobn, Mardochai hen Hillel, p. 102; Michael, Orha-Hayuirn

Z. G.

No. 627 Epstein, in Mrmatisehrift, xxxix. 454 p. 36 (see Index for further references)



Zunz,

L. G.

of the

Jews of Frankfort. A gift of Baruch by the community, services, was refused by him.

offered to of his

8,000 gulden, in recognition

Gutzkow, Bftrnr'x Lehen,pp. 27 et seq., Hamburg, 1840; Gratz, Geseh. der Jutlcn, xi. 296 et seq. Scbnapper-Arndt, in Zeit.flXr die Qescti. der Juden in DeuUchLittcratur des 19. Jahrhunland, iv. 214; G. Brandes, dertsin Ihren HauptstrOmuiigen, 1891, Yi. 51,52; Schuman,

Bibliography





Dk

Mvmahor

Israel, 1894,

ii.

10 et seq.

A. F.

8.

BARUCH B. JACOB

(Shklover)



Talmudist,

physician, and scientist; born at Shklov, White Russia, about 1740 died about 1812. He was one of the old-style Jewish scholars, more common in the Middle Ages than in the eighteenth century, in whom piety and rabbinical learning were combined

with thorough scientific training. Baruch, descending from a family of scholars, was educated for rabbi and received the "semiha" (ordination) from Rabbi Abraham Katzenellenbogen of Brest in 1764. He afterward became a dayyan in Minsk, but a craving for knowledge impelled him to leave his native country and visit the great seats of learning in western Europe. He studied medicine in England and his "Ifeneh ha-Middah," on trigonometry (Prague, 1784, and Shklov, 1793), is a translation from the English. He was in Berlin in 1777, where he published his " 'Ammude Shamayim," on astronomy, with an appendix, "Tiferet Adam," on anatomy. He found at the house of Rabbi Hirschel Levin of Berlin a defective manuscript copy of the "Yesod 'Olam," by Isaac Israeli, of the fourteenth century, and published it there with his annotations His booklet, " Derek Yesharah, in the same year. in The Hague in 1779, and his translation of six books of Euclid was published there in the following year. In his later days Baruch found, for a few years,

on hygiene, appeared

Hebrew

a refuge in the mansion of Court Councilor Rabbi Joshua Zeitlin, the great government contractor. Zeitlin, who was himself a distinguished Talmudical scholar, assembled about himself in his palace in Ustye, near Cherikov, in the government of Mohilev,

White Russia, a group of rabbinical and secular and Baruch, who was his townsman, had there a separate room in which he established a chemical laboratory and made various scientific exT periments. Baruch left L stye some time before 1812 (see Fuenn, "KiryahNe'emanah," pp. 277, 278), and from a manuscript note by his grandson Censor " Margolin on a copy of the " 'Ammude Shammayim (see Maggid, " Gesehichte und Genealogie der Giinzscholars;

burge,"

St.

Petersburg, 1899), in the Jewish depart-