Page:Jewish Encyclopedia Volume 2.pdf/586

536 Barkany Barnabas

THE JEWISH ENCYCLOPEDIA

Kaufman

called an assembly of specialists to investigate the accusations against the Jews made by the

Jew Jacob Brafman, in his work, "Kniga Kahala" (The Book on the Kabul), published at Wilna, 1869, Barit was appointed member of the assembly, and fully convinced the Christian members of the evil design and the unfounded and false

baptized

character of Brafman's statements. The president of the assembly, Spasski, was so pleased with Barit's able and truthful defense of the Jews, that he paid him a visit and presented him with his photograph. Barit was appointed by the government as one of the inspectors of the Wilna City Hospital, and was of great help there to A. Lebensohn in rebuilding it, when it was in a dilapidated condition. He was also a usef ul member of the Wilna Talmud Torah, which made good progress by his aid to the president,

Jonah

teenth century at Salonica. He was, according to Azulai, a pupil of Hayyim Shabbethai (died 1647), otherwise called c"mnD. Of his literary activity There is a decision of his publittle is known. lished in Hayyim Shabbethai's responsa, "Torat Hayyim," part iii. § 29, Salonica, 1722; and another opinion on ritual questions, printed as an appendix to Samuel ben Isaac Sardi's "Sefer ha-Terumot," ed. Salonica, 5388 (— 1628 (?), not 1596, as in Furst). lie also annotated the Arba'ah Turim, which comments are given in Michael Cohen's

"Moreh Zedek,"

Salonica, 1655.

Wolf, Bibl. Hebr. i. 652, 709 Azulai, Shem ha-Oedolim, 1. 100, No. 292, 1852 Furst, Bibl. Judaica, i. 88 Steinschneider, Cat. Bodl. p. 1095, No. 5316; compare, also, p. 1754, No. 6393.

Bibliography







G. A. K.

g.

BARLAAM AND JOSAPHAT A

Gerstein.

In 1873 Barit had an attack of apoplexy, from which he never recovered fully. Still he continued his work in the yeshibah until 1877, when his malady prevented him from continuing the work. Barit was strictly orthodox, yet he was highly esteemed

by the

536

progressists,

Jewish and Christian.

Gov-

ernor-General Nazimov was his real friend, and when he left Wilna in 1863, and Barit came to take leave of him, Nazimov, in the presence of many members of the aristocracy, kissed Barit on the forehead, and afterward sent him his portrait as a memento of his friendship.

romantic

under this title, giving extracts from the life of Buddha and some of his parables in Christian form, which has led to the adoption of the two titular tale

heroes, as unofficial saints, into the calendar of the Catholic Church, thus making Buddha a saint of the

Christian Church.

The

story

of a heathen king

is

who was warned

that a son would come to him and would change his faith in later years. In order to prevent this, the king keeps his son shut up from all knowledge of sin, disease, and death, until, going out one day from his palace, he sees a leper and a funeral, and so learns of the existence of evil. A sage comes to him and teaches him a new faith he exchanges clothes with the sage and goes away. On his return there is a public disputation between the old and new faiths, in which the latter is victorious thereupon the prince becomes an ascetic.

Bibliography

Fuenn, Keneset Yisrael, pp. 537, 538, Warsaw, 1886; S. Rabinowitsch, in Keneset Yisrael, pp. 157-162, 1887 Mysb, Rukovodstvo k Rusiskim Zakonam o Yevreyakh, Levanda. Polny Khronologieheski p. 85, St. Petersburg, 1898





Sbornik Zakouov,

etc., p. 880, St.

Petersburg, 1874.

H. R.

l. o.

BARKANY, MARIE



The Hebrew

Austrian actress

born She was one at Kaschau, Hungary, March 2, 1862. of the six daughters of a merchant at Kaschau, and was sent to Vienna to learn bookkeeping. Instead, she occupied her time studying for the stage, taking Charlotte Walter as her ideal. Laroche and Sonnenthal became interested in her and obtained an engagement for her at Frankfort, where, at the age of fifteen, she made her debut as Adrienne Leconvreur. The next two years were profitably emplo3'ed in In 1880 Miss Barkany went study under Barna3r to the Thalia Theater, Hamburg, and then to the



.

Hoftheater, Berlin. Soon after she visited Moscow, Riga, Hanover, Dresden, Leipsic, Budapest, New York (1892), and St. Petersburg, where she met with At the last place Miss enthusiastic receptions. Barkany appeared simultaneously with Sarah Bernhardt, playing the same roles as the French actress, deliberately challenging comparison. That she survived the ordeal without loss of artistic prestige is a good indication of her standing in the profession. She is at her best in Fedora, Juliet, Oretchen, and the title-roles in " Die Jungfrau von Orleans," " Maria Stuart," and "Jane Eyre."

Bibliography: Fliifrgen, 10, 11

New York

BUhnen Lexikon,

Times, Jan. p. 12;

Dan

5, 1892, p. 4, col.

6;

Oeistige Berlin, pp.

(autobiographical sketch).

E. Ms.

S.

BARKI

(ip"IN3, or >p-, called T"-T]),

BEN ELIJAH



ISAAC

Writer; flourished in the seven-

version of the tale was identified by Steinschneider ("Z. D. M. G." v. 91) under the title (" Prince and Dervish "), translated or "|tan adapted by Abraham ibn Hasdai, the first edition of which appeared in Constantinople, 1518, and others at Mantua 1557, Wandsbeck 1727, Frankfort-on-theOder 1766 (with German translation), Frankfort-onthe-Main 1769, Zolkiev 1771, Furth 1783, Leghorn 1831, Lemberg 1870, Jitomir 1873, and Warsaw 1884. German paraphrase by W. A. Meisel appeared at Stettin in 1847, and a second edition at Budapest in 1860. An earlier translation into German is contained in a Munich manuscript, written in Hebrew characters, No. 345. Yiddish version appeared at Lublin in 1874. The exact origin of Ibn Hasdai's version is difficult to trace, though several Arabic translations and one Georgian have been recently discovered. The relation of these various editions to one another and to the Greek, which is the original of the western European versions, may be indicated by a comparative table of the chief parables contained in most of them.

THm

p

A

A

The Hebrew contains, besides those mentioned in the following table, ten which are not found in most of the other versions Bird and Angel (ix.), Cannibal

King

(xii.),

Good Physician

(xiv.),

King and Pious

Oasis and Garden (xvi.), Hungry Bitch (xvii.), Power of Love (xviii.), Eel and Dog

Shepherd (xxiii.),

(xvi.),

Language

of

bers' Nemesis, only in

Animals

Hebrew

(xxiv.), (

and Rob-

= Jataka, No.

48).