Page:Jewish Encyclopedia Volume 2.pdf/567

517 517

THE JEWISH ENCYCLOPEDIA

Under the

title "

Baraita Kinyan Torah " R. Noah 1874) made a collection of all the passages in the Midrashic and Talmudic literature bearing upon this Baraita. " Baraita de- Abot " is a designation also for Abot de-Rami Nathan. Bibliography Since most editions and translations of Abot contain this Baraita, see the bibliography to Abot compare also Baer's prayer-book, 'Abodat Tisrael, pp. 289 et sen.

Hayyim (Warsaw,





Zunz, G. J- SR.

V.

2d

ed., pp. 122, 438.

L. G.

BARAITA OF

ADA

R.

(tax IT Kn"-Q)



A

Baraita on the calendar. The only one who speaks of such a Baraita is Abraham b. Hiyya ha-Nassi ("Sefer ha-'Ibbur," iii. 4), to whom probably are to be ascribed the words on the Baraita which occur in the commentary by Obadiah b. David on Maimon-

"Hilkot ha-Hodesh," x. Abraham b. Hiyya does not seem to have believed that the Baraita

ides'

originated in Talmudic times, but rather that it was composed at the end of the gaonic period. This is probably true, and does not prejudice the question of the origin and age of the so-called "Tekufat R.

Ada," concerning which compare Calendar. Bibliography: Slonimski,

Yestx'ie ha-'lbbur, 2d ed., p. 39; idem, in Ha-Asif, 1887, pp. 238, 239; Pineles, Darltali sliel Torah, p. 253 Zunz, O. V. 2d ed., p. 98 A. Epstein, Mi;



Kadmoniyot ha-Ychudim, J.

p. 20.

SR.

L. G.

BARAITA ON THE CREATION" JVE'&TQ nCVEt) 2.

Under the



1. title

(NJVna

See Ma'aseh Bereshit.

JTSWO

ncjtton

Wp-D,

L.

Goldschmidt published a work (Strasburg, 1894) which he gave out to be an Aramaic apocryphon.

Baraita Baraita of the Forty-nine Rules

With the exception of Isi b. Judah and Judah b. Lakish, no authority is here mentioned whose name does not occur in the Mishnah; and these two are as old as Rabbi, the author of the Mishnah. From this fact, and from the fact that many teachings of the Baraita on the Erection of the Tabernacle are cited in the Talmud with the formula " de-tania or "tanu rabbanan " (see proofs in Flesch, p. 7), it may be assumed that this Baraita was available to the Amoraim in a fixed form. It is questionable, however, whether the redactor of the Mekilta and the redactor of the Sifre drew upon this Baraita. Mekilta Beshallah, introduction (30b, ed. Weiss), seems to have preserved the Haggadah on the seven clouds in the wilderness in an older form than that given by the present Baraita in section xiv. It is true that this very section may not pertain to the real Baraita; yet it is quite possible that Sifre, Num. 59, originated from section x. of the Baraita. Lewy inclines to the supposition that the Baraita was originally a constituent of the Mekilta of R. Simon. But an argument against such a hypothesis is the fundamental difference in the two writings the Baraita containing almost no Midrash, while the Mekilta is composed chiefly of halakic Midrash. The same reason may serve to refute Brull's view (" Jalirbilcher," v. 134 et seq., and "Central-Anzeiger fur Jlidische Literatur," p. 32), according to which the Baraita is an addition to the Mekilta. The text of the Baraita is in general free from interpolations (the words of Isi b. 'Akkabyah in section the}' found their x. do not occurin the Munich MS. way later into the Baraita from Men. Elements 29a). Nevertheless, the last two secof the tions seem to be later additions from another Baraita (they occur already Baraita. in Rashi), which is indicated by the haggadic character of the two sections, and by the fact that the author of " We-Hizhir," who copied the Baraita in full, omitted them probably because he did not know of them. There is much in favor of the view of Grunhut and, before him, of Hayyim M. Horowitz, in "Tosefta 'Attikata," i. 7, that both sections were constituents of the "Baraita of the Forty-nine Rules. " It is especially noteworthy that the numbers "four" and "seven "are the ones on

But A. Epstein ("Monatsschrift," xxxviii. 479) has shown that it is a spurious work by Goldschmidt

who translated the Ethiopian Hexaemeron of Pseudo-Epiphanius into Aramaic, and then edited it as though it were an old Jewish apocryphon. L. G. j. sr.

himself,

BARAITA OF "W^X)



R. ELIEZER ('-ft Nn""0 The customary name for the Pirke R.

Eliezer among the older scholars, as Rashi and in Some recent scholars follow their examthe 'Aruk. ple in using this j.

title.

L. G.

sr.

BARAITA OF R. ELIEZER (more exactly OF R. ELIEZER B. JOSE HA-GELILI). kaita op the Thirty-two Rules.

See Ba-

BARAITA ON THE ERECTION OF THE TABERNACLE (p&m rDN^DT Krpm) A

Baraita cited several times by Hai Gaon, by Nathan ben Jehiel in the 'Aruk, as well as in Rashi, Yalkut, and Maimonides. Rashi calls it a Mishnah. It treats in fourteen sections (in the Munich MS., sections i. and ii. constitute one section) of the boards (sec. i.), woolen carpets (ii.). and carpets made of goat-hair Ark of (iii.), the curtain (iv.), the courtyard (v.), the the Covenant (vi.-vii.), the table (viii.), the candlestick (ix., x.), the altar of incense (xi.), the goblets (xii.), the Levitical services (xiii.), and the wander-

ing in the wilderness

(xi v.).

The

authorities

men-

tioned in this Baraita are Rabbi (Judah ha-Nasi I.), Jose, Nehemiah, Judah, Jose b. Judah, Judah b. Lakish, Eliezer, Abba Saul, Mei'r, Joshua b. Korha, Isai) b. Judah, Nathan, Simon b. Yohai, and Isi

(

=

a pupil of Ishmael not otherwise designated.

—

which the sections hinge. Bibliography: Abraham b. Elijah ot Wilna, Rah Pe'olim, p. 39 Buber, Yeri'at Shelomoh, p. 15 H. Flesch, Die Baraitha von der Herstellunt) der Stiftshlitte vach der Mltnchener Erlllutert. 1899; GriinUebersetziund Haiidwlirift, hut, Sefer ha-Liklivtim, pp. 11-13, 126-160. Jellineli, B. H. iii., xxix.-xxx.: Lewy, Eiii Wort ilher die Mekilta dps B. Simon, Program of the Breslau Seminary, 1889, p. 3 Zunz, O. V. 2d ed., p. 90. Editions Venice, Ki02 Hamburg, 1782 Offenbach, 1802; Wilna, 1802, bv Abraham b. Elijah Jellinek, Elesch, 1899, from the famous Talmud in B. H. iii. 144-154



.

.

.

.

.

.













Manuscript of Munich. J.

IJ

Kit.

-

Gr.

BARAITA OF THE FORTY-NINE RULES (JTTID JJCTll

D'jmKn KlVna



usually written D"OT

nVTO) Rashi, the Tosatists, Abraham ibn Ezra, Yalkut, and Asher ben Jehiel mention a work, "Baraita of the Forty -nine Rules," and make citations from it (thus, Rashi, ed. Berliner, onEx. xxvi. 5; Yalk.,Gen. " Midrash " Rashi on Ex. xxvii. 6 calls it 61, calls it " Mishnah"). Ibn Ezra (" Yesod Morel), " ed. Konigsberg, 6a) mentions R. Nathan as the author of the Zunz showed, by referring to a number of Baraita.