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418 Bacharach

418

THE JEWISH ENCYCLOPEDIA

Bacharach, Jair

cates that the family either derived its origin from the city Bacharach in Rhenish Prussia, or that one of its ancestors was at one time a resident of that

Joseph Solomon Bacharach Tobias, the martyr of

place (see on this point the Austrian law on the names of the Jews, dated July 23, 1787, in Anton Cramer, " Vollstandige Gesetzessammlung fur die

Judenschaft in den Koniglichen Staaten," pp. 248, 258, Prague, 1793). The first mention of any Bacharach is that of Samuel Bacharach. (n"t3) in 1175 (Solomon Luria, Responsa, No. 29; Heilprin, "Seder ha-Dorot," ed. Maskileison, p. 211, Warsaw, 1878), but it is questionable whether the reading in this case is correct, as the words of Luria may mean, " Samuel in

"p33 of v-puj." The second mention

Solomon

Meir

Rushony (died

rin Tiktin

1659)

I

Nathan

Jochebed

Samuel

Tobias

ii

I

I

Joseph

r I

i

Aryeb L5b

Solomon

Isaac

Israel

I

I

Jacob

,



(d. 1809) Hlllel

Joshua H8shl

I

the city

I

Solomon

Isaac

Jacob

Joshua HOshI

of a scholar of this name,

Ephraim Gumprecht Bacharach

of Frankforton-the-Main, quoted by Moses Minz in the fifteenth century (Responsa, No. 39), is less liable to doubt. In the beginning of the sixteenth century there is a Menahem Man Bacharach, rabbi in Worms (Responsa of Joseph ha-Kohen of Cracow, "SheSrit Joseph," No. 36 and Responsa of Moses Minz, Nos. In the Responsa of Moses Minz there is the 25, 37). further mention of David, Asher (Anschel), and Moses Bacharach. From the end of the sixteenth century the name Bacharach occurs more frequently in western Germany. In Frankfort there is a Mendel, son of Isaac Bacharach, who died there Aug. His son Moses, a prominent member of 23, 1599. the congregation, died there Sept. 11, 1620. Moses' son, Issachar Baer Gans Bacharach, a member of the rabbinate, died Aug. 24, 1678. Issachar's son, Naphtali Herz Gans Bacharach, endorses the Responsa of Jair Hayyim Bacharach, but does not mention that they are related, which goes to prove that, though bearing the same name, they were not of the same family. Naphtali died July 8, 1709. The other Bacharachs may be divided into two families of which the one is to be traced back to

I

I

Henoch

Solomon

Phineas Selig

Mordecai

Jehuda

of

Seiny



(d. 1846)

Aryeh LOb

Jehuda

I



I

Moses

Henoch

Eliezer

(d. 1863)

Jacob

(d. 1896)

II.

Low ben

Bezalel

(d. 1609)

Isaac ha-Kohen, m. daughter

(Abraham) Samuel (Moses) Jair

Samuel

Samson

(d. 1615),

Hayyim Bacharach

Samson

(d. 1739)

m. Eya

(d. 1651)

(d. 1670) (d. 1703)

Dobrusch, m. LOb

(d. 1721)

Oppenheim I

I

Meir

Isaac (d. 1756)

(d. 1731)

I



Tobias ben Joseph Solomon Bacharach, who died as a martyr in Rushony (Russia) Sept. 19, 1659 while the other is distinguished by the great Talmudist, Jair Hayyim Bacharach, of Worms. To the former family belong Judah and his grandson Jacob; to the

latter,

Sara,

Bohm

Baer*

m. Gabriel



was a great-grandson of Jair Hayyim. A brother of Michael Bacharach was Meir, a Hebrew poet, who died in Presburg Jan. 4, 1729. The descendants of the latter abbreviated their name to Bacher, and his great-grandson was the Hebrew poet, Simon Bacher, the father of Professor William Bacher of Budapest. The details in these genealogies can not, however, always be verified, inasmuch as the congregations did not keep official records of the births and deaths, and as family traditions are not very reliable, owing especially to the custom of nachildren after their grandfathers, from which The folfact errors in identification easily occur. lowing is an attempt to draw a family tree of the two best-known Bacharach families

(d. 1806)

(d. 1755)

Emanuel Low

(d. 1851)

Solomon

Simha

I

(d. 1851)

Gabriel

Samuel LOw

besides the three generations

of rabbis at Worms, Samuel (died 1615), Samson (died 1670), and Jair Hayyim (died 1702); the lat ter's grandson, Michael, a famous Talmudist of Prague, who died there Jan. 16, 1801 Baer Bacharach, who died at Nikolsburg Sept. 12, 1806, and

ming

Hayye

(d. 1890)

Bibliography: Kaufmann, Jair Chajim Bacharach und Seine Ahnen, Treyes, 1894; Kaufmann, in Monatsschrift, 1899, pp. 37-48; Hock, Die Familien PragX Presburg, 1893; Eisenstadt-Wiener, Da'at Kedoshim, St. Petersburg, 1897-98, where other sources are mentioned. D.

BACHARACH, ABRAHAM AARON B. (= AARON MANELES)

MENAHEM MAN



Writer on religious subjects, and cantor of Posen, hence known also as Aaron Hazzan flourished during the seventeenth century. He was the author of "Urim we-Tummim" (Enlightenment and Perfection), an exhortation to morality and piety, with an appendix containing prayers (Amsterdam, 1653). Bibliography Steinschneider, Gat. Bodl. col. 703; Fiirst,



Bibl. Jud. p. 75 Zedner, Cat. Hebr.

Benjacob, Ozar hc^Sefarvm, p. L. O.


 * It

Is



Brit.

Mus. I.

BACHARACH, Rabbi

Books

p. 39

30.

BEK.

ABRAHAM SAMUEL

born about 1575





died in Gernsheim, grand

not certain whether Baer was Isaac's son or grandson.