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317 Augustus

THE JEWISH ENCYCLOPEDIA

317

and they sought in every way to prevent payment: even Julian the Apostate, otherwise

II.

Auspitz

"Anatomie des Blatternprocesses,"

patriarch,

ical science are

its

Virchow's " Archiv," 1863; "Die Lehren vom Syphilitischen Contagium, " Vienna, 1865 " Die ZellenInfiltrationen der Lederhaut bei Lupus, Syphilis, und Skrophulose," in "Medicin. Jahrbucher," Vienna, 1866; "System der Hautkrankheiten, " Vienna, 1881, besides a great number of papers and articles which have appeared on the pages of the " Vierteljahresschrift fur Dermatologie und Syphilis" a journal founded (1869) and edited by him and which had considerable influence on the pathology of skin-

friendly to the Jews, asked the patriarch Julus to

Roman Jews from paying it. The Aurum Coronarium pressed heavily upon

absolve the

the

Romans, and still more upon the Jews in Palestine, where the Roman functionaries could impose it arbitrarily. The Talmud relates that at the time of the patriarch Judah I. all the inhabitants of Tiberias fled in order to avoid the payment of this tax (B. B. 80, where it is called K^3 'Dl). See Apostole. Bibliography: Zornius, Histmia Fixci Judaici, pp. 408 m/.; Codex Theodotrius de Judceis, xvi. 8; Kubitschek, Pauly-Wissowa, Real-Enciiklopttdie,

Juden,

s.v.;

et

in Gr&tz, Gesch. der

iv. 224.

g.

I.

Be.

ATJS OF KURAIZA: A poet belonging to the Jewish tribe of Kuraiza in Medina. When this tribe was besieged by Mohammed, the wife of Aus saved her life by embracing Islam and summoned her husband to do likewise. He refused to follow her example, improvising the following verses " When next

My faith Come To "

we

met, she bade me turn but I declined

to hers,

back, then, false one, to the fold. law by God defined

Israel's

By Moses and his code we live, In his commandments will we walk Mohammed's faith is bad in sooth 'Tis

" Both

nothing but insensate

talk.

The second verse now reads, " How good is the reMohammed," but such an alteration is common in antagonistic poems handed down by Moslem

Bibliography



is

attributed another

NOldeke, Beitrdye zur Kenntniss der Poesie Hirschfeld, in Rev. Et. Juives, p. 76

der Alien Araher,

H.

Hm.

AUSPITZ, HEINRICH: gist;

Austrian dermatoloborn at Nikolsburg, Moravia, Sept. 2, 1835; died May 23, 1886, at Vienna, barely two years after succeeding Zeissl. Auspitz acmedical quired his training at the University of Vienna, where he was a pupil of Brucke, Skoda, Rokitansky, Oppolzer, and Hebra and upon being

received as privat-docent at his alma mater, in 1863, lectured on Heinrich Auspitz.

dermatology and syphHe was appointed of Vienna in 1872, and, ilis.

director of the general clinic as soon as a vacancy occurred in the faculty of the university, he was promoted to the position of associate professor in 1875, having still charge of the

courses in

Among

His views, often novel and striking, raised no litdiscussion and debate but it is universally conceded that dermatology is indebted to him for a beneficial and fruitful impetus, and for many important and lasting contributions. Especially is this true in regard to his " System der Hautkrankheiten (translated into French by Doyon under the title " Traite de Pathologie et de Therapeutique Generales des Maladies de la Peau," Paris, 1887. The same excellence of treatment and originality of thought characterize the chapter (on general pathology and therapeutics of skin-diseases) that H. Auspitz piepared for Ziemssen's " Handbuch der Speciellen Pathologie und Therapie " (vol. xiv.). tle



Hungary,

Geographical writer

dermatology and syphilis. his most important contributions to med-



lived

in the first quarter of the nine-

teenth century. He was the author of " Beer haLuhot" (Explanation of the Tablets), consisting of five Biblical maps, copied from a Latin source, and of copious annotations of the same. The maps represent: (1) The spread of mankind after the Deluge; (2) the migrations of the Hebrew tribes in the desert (3) their camps; (4) the Mediterranean and the projected division of Palestine; (5) Palestine, according



x. 25.

g.

—

diseases.

at Budapest,

ligion of

To the same poet of similar character.

—

AUSPITZ, JACOB:

believe our own To be the truest, straightest road That one is right whose natal faith Doth guide him to the blest abode."

poem



Bibliography: A. Hirsch, Biouraphuches Lexikon der He rvorragenden Aerzte. A. S. C. s.



we and he

litterateurs.



in

The work was pub-

to Jewish and Gentile sources. lished at Vienna in 1818.

Bibliography



Benjacob, Ozar ha-Sefarim,

p. 64.

M. B.

s.

RUDOLF

Austrian member of parAUSPITZ, liament and leading manufacturer born at Vienna July 7, 1837. He is a member of one of the oldest and most prominent Jewish families of Moravia, which settled in the city of Auspitz, whence it de:



One of his ancestors, Abraham Auchief rabbi of Moravia during the latter part of the eighteenth century his grandfather, Lazar Auspitz, was the founder of the well-known firm rived

spitz,

its

name.

was



of L. Auspitz (at present [1901] "Auspitz Enkel"), manufacturers of woolens, the leading members of which are Rudolf and his elder brother Karl Auspitz, Elder von Artenegg. Auspitz received his early education in his native town, attending the Technische Hochschule. To complete his education he visited Berlin and Pai is, being interested in the natural sciences, and returned part to Austria in 1858. He has since taken an active in the industrial

and

political life of his country.

last century, the manufacture of beet-sugar was being introduced into continental Europe, Auspitz was one of the first

When,

in the

middle of the