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178 ;

Ashdod

THE JEWISH ENCYCLOPEDIA

Asher

Mace.

but Jonathan (ib. x. 84, and burned the old temple of Dagon (compare 1 Sam. v. 2, 3 see also ib. xvi. 10). According to Joseplms, Ant." xiii. 15, § 4, Alexander Jannseus possessed it (contrast "B. J." i. 7, § 7). Pompey restored its independence ("B. J." i. 6, § 4), which apparently means only that he reconstructed its walls. It belonged to the dominion of Herod and Salome (" Ant. " x vii. 18, § 9). Vespasian had to take it by force (" B. J. " iv. 130) so that the Jewish inhabitants must have been in the majority. The New Testament mentions Azotus in one passage only (Acts viii. 40). The modern Esdud is an initself (I xi. 4)

iv. 15, v. 68),

destroyed

it





tiate of the

178

Royal College of Surgeons, Edinburgh. visited Paris, Berlin, and other

He subsequently

European cities, acquiring professional experience. Ashenheim practised for some time in London, lecturing frequently and being an active contributor to the Anglo-Jewish press. He emigrated to Jamaica in 1843 and settled at Kingston, where he practised till 1850, when he removed to Falmouth, a port on In addition to his practhe north coast of Jamaica. tise, and lectures more or less connected with his profession, he addressed the public, through the press,

on sanitary reform and on compulsory vacciwhich he was an able advocate. At Fal-

nation, of

General View of Modern Ashdod. (From

a photograph

by

Bonfila.)

significant village nearly four miles

mouth he rendered valuable

To

break of cholera. Bibliography Falmouth Advertiser,

from the sea. the west of the wooded height on which the village stands, traces of the ancient harbor now known The statement as Minet el-Kal'a can still be seen. of Ptolemy and Josephus that it was a maritime city, is explained by the possession of a harbor on the shore, which is called "Azotus by the Sea" ("Ant." This place has been compared with xiii. 15, § 4). the Asdudimmu mentioned by Sargon, but the comparison is hardly justified. See Philistines,

—

—

j.

W. M. M.

jh.

ASHDOTH-PISGAH



The

declivities of the

Pisgah range on the east of the Jordan, which were to the Reubenites (Deut. iii. 17, iv. 49

handed over Jos.

xiii.

20) (see Pisgah).

ASHENHEIM, LOTUS



Post, Oct., 1858



Scotch physician and

surgeon; born at Edinburgh 1817; died at Jamaica Nov. 26, 1858. Educated in his native city, he obtained honors at the university, and became a licen-



Oct., 1858

Jewish Chroniele, Dec. 3 and



Falmouth

10, 1858.

G. L.

J.

ASHER. -Biblical Data: The eighth son of the patriarch Jacob, and the traditional progenitor of the tribe Asher. He is represented as the younger brother of Gad; these two being the sons of Zilpah, the handmaid of Leah (Gen. xxx. 10 et seq., xxxv. Pour sons and one daughter were born to Asher 26). in Canaan, who went down with him to Egypt (Gen. xlvi. 17). See Asher, Tribe and Territory; and on the general view to be taken of the tribes of Israel,

G. B. L.

j. ,ra.

services during an out-

J.

Tribes, Twelve.

JR.

In Rabbinical Literature

J.

F.

McC.

For a time Asher

was not on good terms with his brothers, because he had informed them of Reuben's sin against his stepmother Bilhah, and they would not believe him;