Page:Jewish Encyclopedia Volume 2.pdf/197

159 THE JEWISH ENCYCLOPEDIA

159

Arumali Aryeh Loeb

never afterward entered it except to deliv<;r his sermons, four times a year; but at the request of members of the congregation who regretted their action on the occasion of the discreditable disturbance in the synagogue, he remained in the rabbinate till his

the Lion). His own works are of the usual scholastic type. Aryeh was succeeded by his son, Issachar Berisch (1747-1807). eulogy on him is found in EleazarFleckeles' sermons, " 'Olat Hodesh," Prague

death.

Bl

Aryeh Loeb was considered one

Shem ha-Gedolim "Shaagat Aryeh"). His yeshibah was well frequented; and he lectured even when, toward the end of his life, he became totally blind. His chief work, " Shaagat Aryeh" (The Roaring of the Lion), is considered a classic in casuistic literature. It was published at Frankfort-on-the-Oder, 1755; Briinn, 1796; Slavita, 1833 with glosses by Moses Aryeh Loeb ben

Joshua of Wilna, Josefow, 1855 and Wilna, 1874, with additions from the author's manuscripts and glosses by his son Asher Loew. In 1781 Aryeh Loeb published a work containing glosses to the Talmudic treatises Rosh ha-Shanah, Hagigah, and Megillah, together with miscellaneous casuistic novellas, under the title " Ture Eben " (Rows of Stones). A supple;

ment, containing glosses to Ta'anit, was published at Wilna in 1862 under the title " Geburat Ari " (The Strength of the Lion). Responsa of his are also found in the collection on the divorce-suit of Cleve. He was an advocate of the strictest orthodoxy and a type of the casuist that never can accept any exposition of a passage but the literal sense. When the Talmud, for example, calls Nebuchadnezzar (Hag. 13a) " the wicked, the son of the wicked, the grandson of Nimrod the wicked," Aryeh Loeb would not accept the explanation that Nebuchadnezzar is called Nimrod's descendant on account of his being of similar character, but insists that Nebuchadnezzar was, on the maternal side, a descendant of Nimrod (see " Ture Eben," 196).

Aryeh Loeb is officially called Lion Asser, which means Lion (French for Loeb), son of Asher. His son, who was rabbi of Carlsruhe and died in 1837, called himself Asher Loew. Of Aryeh Loeb's disciples the most notable were Raphael Cohen, rabbi of Altona, and Hayyim, the founder of the rabbinical

college of Volozhin. 11.

186



Ha-Measef, ii. 61 Jost, Israelitische AnnaMichael, Or ha-Hayyim, p. 253 ; A. Kalm, Les in Rev. Et. Juives, xii. 295 et seq.



Rabbins de Metz,

D.

ARYEH LOEB B. BARUCH BENDET. See b. Bakuch Bendet. ARYEH LOEB B. HAYYIM BRESLATJ.

Loeb See

Breslau Loeb ben Hayyim.

ARYEH LOEB BEN JACOB

JOSHTJA



German Talmudist and author born 1715 died at Hanover March 6, 1789. He was a son of the author of "Pene Yehoshua'," who died as rabbi of Frankfort-on-the-Main 1755. In his youth he was his father's assistant, and taught as such in the

K40GRArHY



Bub er, Anshe Shem,

pp. 43 et seq.,

Cracow,

1895.

"

casuists of his time (see Azulai, "

len,

1793.

of the keenest

s.v.

Bibliography

A



yeshibah (academy) about 1745-1750 (see his letters in Israel Lipschiitz' responsa "Or Yisrael," No. 57, Cleve, 1770). Subsequently he was called as rabbi to Skala in Galicia, and in 1761 to Hanover, where he officiated until his death. Aryeh edited the fourth part of his father's work (Ftirth, 1780),

and added to it his own novelise on treatise Baba Kamma under the title " Pene Aryeh " (The Face of

D.

ARYEH LOEB BEN JOSHTJA HESHEL. See Loeb b. Joshua Heshel. ARYEH LOEB HA-KOHEN OF STYRYJI. See

Loeb ha-Kohen of

Styry.ii.

ARYEH LOEB HA-LEVI. See Loeb Levi op Brody. ARYEH LOEB HA-LEVI HORWITZ.

haSee

Horwitz, Aryeh Loeb.

ARYEH LOEB LIPSCHITZ.

See Lipschitz,

Aryeh Loeb.

ARYEH LOEB BEN MEYER. ARYEH LOEB MOKIAH.

See

Loeb

ben Meyer.

See

Loeb

Mokiah.

ARYEH LOEB BEN MORDECAI HASee Epstein Loeb ben Mordecai. ARYEH LOEB B. MOSES. See Loeb ben

LEVI.

Moses ha-Kohen.

ARYEH LOEB OF POLNOI. See Loeb of ARYEH LOEB B. SAMUEL ZEBI HIRZ.

POLNOI. See

Loeb ben Samuel Zebi Hirz.

ARYEH LOEB BEN SAUL

LEVI SAUL LOEWENSTAM)



(called

also

Polish rabbi;

born in Cracow about 1690; died at Amsterdam April 2, 1755. He came of a famous family of rabHis father Saul had been rabbi of Cracow his bis. grandfather was Rabbi Hoeschl of Cracow. In 1707 he married Miriam, the oldest daughter of Zebi Ashkenazi, then rabbi in Altona and continued his studies under his father-in-law, with whom he went to Amsterdam, and thence to Poland. In the latter country he was elected rabbi of Dukla. Through the influence of his relatives he then obtained the rabbinical position in Tarnopol, the former incumbent having been ousted by the officials of the government to make room for him. This interference on the part of the civic authorities naturally aroused great opposition to him in the congregation, and in a short time Aryeh Loeb was deposed. Subsequently he was elected rabbi of Rzeszow, and later on of Glogau. In 1740 he was called to Amsterdam, A call was where he remained until his death. extended to him from Prague in 1751, but he did not accept it. It is doubtful whether he was rabbi



in

Lemberg, as stated by Buber ("Anshe Shem,"

p. 38).

is

Aryeh did not publish any books, and what there of his exists in the works of others as in the

—

responsa of Zebi Ashkenazi, No. 76; in those of Mordecai of Diisseldorf (" Maamar Mordecai," Nos. 62, 63, Briinn, 1790), and in the worksof his son Saul,

(Amsterdam, 1778)— and shows no took an active part in the controversy between Jacob Emden and Jonathan Eybeschiitz, and sided with the former, who was his wife's His letters on that controversy are full of brother. invectives against Eybeschutz (see Emden's "Sefat. "

Binyan Ariel

originality.

"

He