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Ardotial

THE JEWISH ENCYCLOPEDIA

Arianism

Solomon ben Jacob Ardit

9.



Cabalist,



AREKA. See Abba Abika. ARELIM. See Angelology. ARENDAR. See Randar. ARENDT, OTTO German economist,

of

Smyrna.

Wrote, under the title "Lehem Shelomoh" (Solomon's Bread), a commentary on the Pentateuch; also novella?, etc., -which were published in 1751 at Salonica, together with the writings of Mei'r Bekkayam, who, before he died, set apart money sufficient to cover the expenses of printing. Solomon was also in possession of a manuscript of

Nahmanides' novellas to the Talmudic treatise, Baba Mezi'a (Steinschneider, "Die Hebr. Handschriften der K. Bibliothek zu Berlin," i. 44). Ardot, with the prefix Cohen, is the name of a family which also migrated from Aragon, and among whose members were the following: 10. Abraham Cohen Ardot The learned son of Asher Cohen Ardot (No. 11 ) died 1634. 1 1 Asher Cohen Ardot : Great-grandson of



.

Isaac Arama lived at Salonica in the first half of the seventeenth century died 1645. He was taught the Talmud by A. Brudo, and was instructed in other branches of Jewish learning by David ibn



Wealthy and learned, he presided over Talmudic college at Salonica, and maintained a correspondence with several learned rabbis of his Shushan. the

time.

12. Eleazar Cohen Ardot A physician of the fourteenth century at Majorat where he was on friendly terms with Joseph Oaspi (Kayserling, "Gesch. der Juden in Spanienu-d Portugal," i. 168). 13. Joseph Ardot was delegated by the community of Alcaniz to the disputation with Geronimo de Santa Fe at Tortosa in 1413 (Ibn Verga,

.

•

"Shebet Yehudah,"

fc?

xl.).

Meshullam ben Solomon Cohen Ardot

14.

A

contemporary of Solomon ben Adret; lived at Barcelona toward the end of the thirteenth century (Solomon Adret, "Responsa," i. No. 415 et seq.). 15. Solomon Cohen Ardot Lived about 1500

88



and member of the Prussian Diet

author,

born in Berlin, Oct. 10, 1854. He graduated as Ph.D. from the Berlin University and soon entered on a literary career, identifying himself with the Ultraconserva;

He was the foremost advocate of bimetalism, protective tariffs, and of that policy generally the trend of which is toward preservation of the quasi -feudal remnants of the Prussian State. So unswerving was his loyalty to the Contive elements of Prussia.

servatives that he abandoned his religion, embraced Christianity, and sometimes employed anti-Semitic phraseology. Arendt was editor of the " Deutsche " and the author of many works and pamphlets, of which the following may be mentioned: (1) " Vertragsmassige Doppelwahrung " (1878) (2) " Deutschland's Internationale Bilanz (1881); (3) "Restitution des Silbers" (1881); (4) " Wider Soetbeer " (1882) (5) " Borsensteuer " (1885) (6) "Ziele Deutscher Kolonialpolitik " (1886); (7) "Erhohung der Getreidezolle" (1887); (8) "Kaiser Friedrich und Filrst Bismarck" (1889); (9) "Leitfaden der Wahrungspolitik " (1893); (10) "Die Ursache der Silberentwerthung " (1899), etc. Some of

Wochenblatt





went through several

these books "

Leitfaden

editions;

the

many as seventeen. Olga Arendt, daughter

"

as

His wife, of Lina Morgenstern, was a teacher of elocution, and wrote: " Dramatisches Marchenbilderbuch" (1891); "Sylvesternacht " (1893) second edition, 1900 and " Freund;

schaftstag



" (1894).

Bibliography



Kurschner, Deutscher Literatur-Kalender.

M. B.

s.

at Arta.

Bibliography: In addition

to the authorities cited above, see Steinschneider, Cat. Bodl. No. 7119.

M. K.

g.

ARDOTIAL,

(ANDRUTIL)

SHEM-TOB

BEN ISAAC:

Spanish poet; flourished at Soria in the beginning of the fourteenth century. The name PX^ITIX has been wrongly transcribed as Androtil, Adrutil, Ardothiel. Steinschneider connects the name with Ardot; the ending "ial" having either a relative or a diminutive significance. Shem-Tob was the author of the following works

"Milhamot ha-'Am weha-Misparim " (Wars of

the

People and the Numbers), containing short literary and poetical articles; "Ma'aseh," an ethical story, published in the collection " Dibre Hakamim," Metz, 1849; "Yam Kohelet" (Sea of the 'Preacher), a prayer of two thousand words, each of which several piyyutim begins with the letter D (mem) printed in the Mahzor according to the Spanish

rite.

Under the

Mizwot Zemaniyot " (Temhe translated into Hebrew an

title "

porary Injunctions), Arabic work of Israel Israeli of Toledo on the which is still extant in manuscript.

ritual,

Bibliography: Zunz, Z. O. p. 503;

Vebers. G.

p. 426; idem, Literaturgesch. Steinschneider, Cat. Bodl. No. 7119; idem, Hebr. Ha-Karmel, vi. 85. § 547

I.

Br.

ARENS, LOUIS:

Operatic singer (tenor); born was educated

in Mitau, Russia, March 23, 1865. He at the Riga Gymnasium and studied

music at the

Imperial Conservatory of Moscow under the direction of Tschaikovsky, graduating in 1890. Arens sang at the Imperial Opera of Moscow, in Berlin, Milan, Naples, Turin, and at the Theater Royal, Covent Garden, London (1894), where he has since given many concerts. He is author of "The- Quartet," a children's pantomime (for orchestra), and a song, " Die Erinnerung " (for tenor). Bibliography



Jewish Chronicle, December,

1899.

S.

AREPOL, SAMUEL BEN ISAAC BEN YOM-TOB Commentator on the Bible, lived in

Safed and Salonica in the sixteenth century. He is author of the following books: "Imrot Eloah" (God's Sayings), homilies on the Pentateuch (Venice) " Wa'ad la-Hakamim"(The Assembly of the Wise), a commentary on the prayer-book (Venice); "Leb Hakam " (The Heart of the Wise), a commentary on Ecclesiastes (Constantinople, 1586); "Mizmor le-Todah " (A Song of Thanks), a commentary on Ps. cxix. and the fifteen " Songs of Degrees " (Venice, 1576) " Sar Shalom " (The Prince of Peace), a commentary on Canticles (Safed, 1579); finally he published