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73 Aramaic Lau oiiigo

THE JEWISH ENCYCLOPEDIA

73

Aranda, too, at the outset won apostolic favor, and was even advanced to the office of prothonotary but on account of his wealth he soon fell a victim to the cupidity of the pope.

He was

arraigned for

having taken food before mass and for having desecrated, by scratching, a crucifix and other holy images. Moreover, a delegation of seven Maranos from Portugal happened to be in Rome at the time for the avowed purpose of purchasing for their constituents the good-will of the pope and his advisers.

They had managed

to win the favorable consideration of the papal court, but their efforts were resolutely opposed by Garcilaso, the ambassador of Fer-

dinand and Isabella. Observing the pope's resolve to imprison Aranda, Garcilaso pointed out the suspicion that was likely to arise in the popular mind

to the

Ararat

Hungarian Diet.

The German family name

is

Aufrecht. Bibliography lesi



Szinuyci

Almanach,

Magyar

Irlik

Tdra,

1.



OnzdgyU-

1897.

M. W.

s.

ARARAT

A district in eastern Armenia lying between the lakes Van and Urmia and the river

Araxes. The Biblical name corresponds to the Assyrian Urartu, a land invaded and partially conquered by Asshurnazir-pal and Shalmaneser II. The Assyrian cuneiform characters were introduced into the land of Urartu as early as the ninth century B.C., and many monumental inscriptions have been discovered within its boundaries. About the middle of the ninth century a strong native dynasty was established, and con-

MouiNT Ararat. (From

a photograph taken

by special permission of the Russian government.)

from the anomalous incarceration of Aranda while the Marano delegates, indubitable heretics, were As a consequence, granted favor and freedom. Aranda and five of the Maranos were arrested and thrown into prison Pedro Essecuator and Aleman Eljurado, the two leading members of the delega;

Thus tion, succeeded in escaping (April 20, 1497). bereft of his worldly and ecclesiastic estate, Aranda ended his days at the San Angelo. Bibliography

G



Gratz, Gesch. der

Juden, 3d

ed., vill. 318, 385.

H. G. E.

.

ARANYI, MIKSA:

Hungarian writer; born

He graduated from the at Trencsen, May 13, 1858. university in Budapest, and was sent to Paris by the secretary of state for education to finish his He returned to Budapest in 1884, where studies. he edited the

"

Gazette de Hongrie

" till 1887.

He

translated several economic works from Hungarian into French, and up to the year 1901 was deputy

tinued to rule until the Assyrian power was revived by Tiglath-pileser III. about 740 b. c. For a generation Urartu was invaded by Assyrian armies, until at last it again attained independence. This it retained until it was overrun by the Scythians about the end of the seventh century. Thus from the ninth to the sixth century B.C., the land of Urartu or Ararat oc,

cupied a prominent place among the minor states of southwestern Asia, and is referred to four times in the Biblical narrative. In II Kings xix. 37 (= Isa. xxxvii. 38) the fact is recorded that the assassins of the Assyrian king Sennacherib fled to the land of Ararat, where they found refuge with the reigning king Erimenas. In Jer. li. 27, Ararat is mentioned first

among the

hostile nations

which are

called

upon

advance from the north and overthrow the power The most familiar reference, however, of Babylon. "In the seventh month, on the is that of Gen. viii. 4 seventeenth day of the month, the ark rested upon to



the mountains of Ararat."