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Harnni. The cntiro area of Antonia appears to Imvf been a qiiailraMfilc of about oIK) feet nortli anj south by ;{.")(! cast anil west, or four acres. Tlionirli reljuilt ami perhaps enlarjred by Herod, tlic

tliis eitailel liail existed much earlier. The liirnh belonging; to the Holy House (Neh. ii. 8) was probably a "fortress" aceordiniito the Aramaic and Asrather than a " palace." syrian ini'anirifjjof the word and the corner lowers, Hanani'el and .Mcah. ari' mentioned to th<' north of the Teniph' (Zeeh. .iv. 10, Neh. iii. 1. .ler. .x.i. 87). .loseplius ("U. .1." i. 3, t; 3) gives the name Baris to the fortress which preceded Antonia on this site; and in the .Mishnah (.Mill. i. 9; Tamid. i. 1 Zeb. .ii. 3) the liirah is noticed, w ith the passage leadiu,;; to the gate Taili on the iioiili

—

—



Rll.SS OF

TMK AXTOXIA (troiii Sta<U.

xiii. II.

row

Holy House

Hasmomans

S

uidi

-' "

"

(.loseplius.

•'

"

i-

•'•

S

rgrouud jiassage

••'•

"'"'

'"'e

"as a

in which Arislolndtis

built in the foss after Hadrian's rebuilding of Jerulevel being some 40 feet higher than the bcjttom of the ditch, 'i'hus Antonia replaced u citadel guarding the Temple on the north, which existed even before the deslnictiou of.Iernsalem by Nebuehadne/.zar, and it had to l)e taken

salem— tlu' modern

by Titus before the Holy House could be attacked from the north. BiDLiooUAPnv 141, ir>l, 1.>1





(ii-ngraitlii): tltx Alteu Pdh'tnthui^ pp. Alt^ii, Die Antnttia unit Ihtx Cinytliuin/^ I. t( «<;.

Buhl,

Vim

In Zcit. IhiiUeh.

PaliM. Ver.

m

C. R. C.

ANTONIA



vir .Mark .Viiionv

The younger daughter of ami

sister-in

the trium-

law of Tiberius.

She

FORTIltISS, .iKiaSALbM.

was on friendiv terms with IJerenire (the dauglitor of Salome) ami also with her son, afterward King A<ilill'l'A I. When Agrippa had ilissipalcd his forlime al IJome and returned pemulcss to Judea. I'l-Irus, a freednian <•( Hirenici'. bei|Ueatlicd by lier to

ailvamed him

a

sum

of

money.

.VltlioULdi

iiar

.Viiloida,

was

promissory note was drawn for 'JO.IKMI Alliidniehmas, I'elrus gave him J.oOO less. lii-ing unablito pay his debt of 300.(K(0 silverliiigs to the liomaii

Tliis may be n-pre.sented by the rockcui pa.ssage leailhig from the dilcli norlhwesl of Atitonia. which now ends at the Haram Wall built by Hi'rod, and probably one<' communicaletl by steps Willi Ihe iiilerior of the Antonia eourlyard, soulll The ililch exof the great scarp above described. isted al Ihe lime of I'ompcys siege (" H. .1." i. 7, S 3). and was arlilieially <-ut through Ihe hill (v. 4. It was partially iilhd in by I'ompey (" Ant." §2). xiv. 4, S •'>• »"'' "' •'"' present day the street runs over llie "Twin Pools," which apiu'ur to hnvc been killed.

Antonia

" UMciiklilv l>r»rlK.">

This liirah wasfortilied by "Ant." xv. 11. S4)aml became the i)alace of John Hyrcaniis(" Ant." xvii. 4, The northwest corner tower .seems to have ^ li). iieen known, rather lati-r. as Siralo's Tower ("Ant," side of the the

Antoli

TIIK .lEWISlI EN'CYCLOPKDIA

Ihe

In-asury, Agrippa lUd from Jamnia lo Alexanilrin, where the alabanh, Ai.KXANDl.n. who w.as at the same lime Ihe guanli.in of Anionia's properly (Jo.seplius. " . t." xix. "(, ^ I ), supplic-d him w ilh money. Agrijipu then went |o Italy, and in order to appeasi' till' ani;er of 'I'iberius, borrowed Ihe sum of ;i00,tMMt silverlingsfrom . toiuaand paiil his debt to I hi' treasury. Soon after he also p:iiii the money back to Antonia. Uersoii, afterward i;inpenirC'laiidius(41-54),