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469 ;

Altar Alt-Ofen

THE JEWISH ENCYCLOPEDIA

469

Hetn-tlifcher ArcMloliigie. ItW: Benzlntrer's Hehr. Arch.. IWH: Greene, Helirew Ruck Alliun In BiliUinl H'urW, l,v.

'J^

et acq.

O. A. B.

ALTAR, JONAS (JONATHAN HA-LEVI) ]!uliciiii:ui nililii;

(ioltsclijeiiikau.

.Manli 'J."), isri."), in irprcscntcd the striclcst or

La FumiUe dc Jncnh. xlv, 1873; Bulletin !»,

cnlliMtlon of articles, I'eterebiirif,

pamphlet jiulilislicd in Prague in WHS. Inn Vecmatan," in wliieli lie

tliodoxy as cviilenccd by

Aaron

liis

supplement to Ha-JIeliz.'

>p.

si, KJ, St.

Itft-'J.

iM>lctni(al

Cliurin. entitled. " MetilHislict iideavoi-s to prove the reliirioiis necessity of keepinjr airaiiist"

school for Jewish children at Mui-seilles. BiBI-iiiiiRAPHV:



linru 17.V>, diid

He

gion of Honor, and helped with Marini to found a

H. R.

ALTARAS, MOSES: An Italian rabbi of the sixtieiilh

and .siventeenth centuries; known as the au-

I

He wrote also a ihe head covered diirinir prayers. number of articles for the weekly "Zionswiichter." K. T. edited by Enoch.

ALTAR, MEIR HA-LEVI born



in (^illsch .li-nikuu. I'.oheinia,

lie iraiislalcil into

in INtiS,

I

INKi; died there the Yozerot or

German

Sabbath readinir, |mblished by K. T. Prague, ll!'3U.

liluririial pieeis for

.M

Son of precedin-

I.anchui,

ALTARAS

A

'

bro de Mantenimiento de la Alma," Salonica. I0B8; Venice. IIJO'J and 1713. It was written for the use of the Maranos who could not reail Helirew. According to Steinschneider. Altanis was merely the patron of the work, which was actually written by a man named Meir, otherwise unknown. BiHLioiiRAPiiY linpr, liihl.

name

variously spelled .DX1U -inSD .yXISD ii'xl L'nt3- It is not certain whclher this is the Siinie name as that borne by the

tliorof a translation into Juda'o-Spanish (but in Latin characters) of the Shulhan 'Aruk under the title "' Li-

family



Kayser-

steinschneider. Cat. Bixll. col.

Efii.-Piirt.

Jud.

p. 11,

D.



Spanish Karaite. Sidi ibn al Tanis (DXiriPX*. author of a work containing the opinions of Abu Alfaraj. Allaras is mentioned by Abraham ibn laud ("Sefer " .M<ili:eval Jew. Xeiiliauer, in lia Kabbalah "; Chron." i. 79) an<l by Joseph ben Zaddik, in Xeu liauer, //».. p. !Ki see also Schreiner. "Jesehua' ben I

ALTARAS, SOLOMON eiglileriiih ras.

edited

Venetian rabbi of the cinluiy. pmbably the son of David Alta-

among

other



worksa

collection of pnij'ers

under the title "iDIXn t3pS (A Collection of Praj'crs and Hymns), Venice, 1718. BIBLIOCRAPIIV



scbnelder, fa(,

Beniacob, 0?-fi(l. His will is iirinled under the title t^•3^ f|1V "ISD, Venice, niblii

ami

edilc.r

He wrote

lt'>7.">-1714.



Ancient

fortified city in the

diiiliy ol liadin, Germany; the scene of Jewish ]iersecution. In the fourteenth century, when the black death devastated the world (1348-.5I), this city, like that of .Mayence, was the scene of a fearful massacre of the Jews, who were falsely accused of poisoning the public wells and thus causing the pestilence. The total population in 1900 was 3,000, of

grand r. xi. IIS,

ALTARAS, DAVID BEN SOLOMON: An Italian

ALT-BREISACH

whom

about fifteen

The community maintains benevolent foundations, and two sick-benefit

4.')0

were Jews.

associations.

1714. Salfeld, Afarfi/nilDflium d. Iflimlicrger 3Ieiiuirlmchen. p. 2«4. Berlin, 1898; Heoker. Epidemiol iif the ed. Sydenham Society, e.v.

BiBi.iooRAPHV: Villi

4TST,

SIrmilen, tit. p. TWill

(list

nuiulhmlt. S<:

iif

Cnl.Thlir.

/?iji*k /}n(. .Uii>. p. .548 SleinschneliliT, i'ttt. limll. N(»s. wiirk.s edited bv hlmi; idem, liihtiuur.

Iliiii.KiiiKArilv: Zedncr,

ALTARAS, JACaUES ISAAC and

born



French

sliip-

.leppo. Syria, 7!^. anil dieil at Ai. (l)i paitnient of Bouches in du Phone. Knince). Jan. 30, 1m7:1 He was the son of a rabbi in Palestine, and left Jerusjilem in 1806 to eniragi' in business in Marseilles asa ship-builder trapliiliuil lirojiisl



in

1

ding with Ihi' Levant, in which he was sui-cessful. In the middle of the century a project was started to assist Hiissian Ji vs to emii.'rale lo .Mireria. then reieiilly con(|Ucred by France. Allaras took up the idea with zeal. and arnierl with lettiTsof inlrodiiction from (Jui/.cd and with promisesof support fioni many

Jews, he sUirled for .S|. Pctersliurir. in intending to petition tin' czar to allow 40,0110 Jewish families to emignite from Russia to Algeria, but he was promptly informed by tli<' minister of foreii;n alTiiirs. Count Xes.selroile. that he had laid the matter before the czar, and that his iip|>licalion could only be supported on conililion of an advance payment of about sixty riililes in taxes and lines for each family, in confonnily with the Hussian laws, which do not allow the I{iissian subjecis to leave .Vltanis considen'd llies<' till' country for lifetime. dilliculties insunnounlable. and thus the project was aliandoned. .Mtanis was president of ihe Marseilles Consistory for thirty years, and a knight of the Leinlluential lN4(i.

F. H. V.

X,.

n.

liiiililer

Middle Auex.

11.:

ALTENKUNSTADT. See Bcrkcxst.uit. ALTENKUNSTADT, JACOB (KOPPEL) BEN ZEBI ilsih.wn al-.;i- Koppel Harif); Kabbi erbo, Hungary; lived in the lirsi halt of the He wrote " I.Iiddushe Vabe/, " nineteenth ceiiturv. (novella) on the Talmudic treati.se Hulliii. Pressburg. Is;i7. which, as the author states in his introduction, is an extract from a more exhaustive s<'ries of novelhe written by him on the whole Talmud

at

BiBl.loiiRAPHV



steinschneider. Cat. Binll. eo. UHI; Walilen, Itc-Uadcieh, II, iS.

Shcm ha-lJedMm

I.

ALT NEXT SYNAGOGUE, PRAGUE. ALT-OFEN (Hungarian; oBuda. ;>31N)

Bu. See

PiiAi.n:

.

Old

HuiiL'arian ily. now incorporated in Hudapest as the third ilislricl. The earlier liistory of the Jews in AltOfen begins with the twelfth century and ends with l."i41, when the Turks obtained i>oss<s.sioii of Jews probably settled at Ofen at the time the cilv. of the Crusades, when so many lied from Oemiany The first certain information about into Hungarv. the Jews in .Ul Ofen is of Ihe year 1217. when Isjiac ben Moses of Vii'iina, the author of "Or Zarua," mentions that the Jews of Ofen (meaning All Ofen) submitted the i|Ueslion to him. whether the warm 1