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438 Alonzo de Alphabet

la Calle

THE JEWISH ENCYCLOPEDIA

In all thi'se passages, with the ex(John, xix. 39). ception of the tirst, it sipnities a perfume used U))on It was the gum of the Aloexi/lnn ftarments or a bed. and Ai/iiiliiriii tinitn of Malacca and of -1. iir/nllocliiitii of Bengal (Toy, "Proverbs," p. 'h. in "Interuutioual Critical Commentary "). and not the wood It was distinct from the common bitter itself. nloe used in medicine and from the American aloe ("Encyc. Bibl."). In Num. xxiv. (i the word indicates a tree; but that a tree of southeastern Asia should be known to an eighth-century Israelitish poet sufficiently to be used in a siiuile is more than

438

he was sent to Lisbon to negotiate jieace between the kings of Castile and Portugal. Alvaro dc Luna sent him. with Gonzalo Garcia de S. Maria, his brother, to represent Spain at the Council of Basel. Alonzo. who upon the death of his father received the episcopal see of Burgos, inherited also To his intiuence his father's hatred for the .lews. may be a.scribed the malevolent decrees of the Basel Comicil, es|)icially the bull, so hostile to the Jews, which Pope Eugenius IV., till then a most mild ecclesiastic, issued on .ugust 8, 1-142. to the bish(>i)s of Castile and I.eou. by virtue of which all Christians were prohibiteil from intercourse with the Jews, and the latter were stripped of all their civil rights, and debarred from hiildirig any iiublic oltice. Alvaro de Luna, a man very friendly to the Jews, did all in his power to prevent the piddication of the bull, and succeeded in wimiing the king over to a humane treatment of the Jews. This caused Alonzo to become the most violent opponent of Alvaro de Luna. De Luna was ultimately dischargeS4 ct acq.

Kxpafirt, If

M. K.

ALONZO DE HERRERA Cabalist, philosoSi'e IIkKKF.KA. .l,nN/.(i DK. pher. ALPALAS (ALFALAS), MOSES: A Jew:

preacher at Salimica about the middle of the sixteenth century. Of his many homiletic and theological writings, there have apjieared in i)rint, " Wayakhel Moslieh " (And Moses Collected), a collection of sermons (Venice, l.")97), and "Iloyl Jlosheh " (Moses Was Content), apologeticessjiyson Judaism and the excellence of the Mosaic law (Venice. 1597). The name Alpalas is probably the same as the Arabic "alFallas"(The Money-Dealer;" Jew. Quart. Rev." ish

xi. 591).

BiBHOORAPHT



Stefnschnelder, Cat. Bndl. col. 1768.

M. K.

ALPHA

The 1.

Aloe.

Pl»nl showlug meth.»d of p-owlb.

S.

Flower-aulk.

3.

L«af.

doubtful. In the Scptuagint. in the pa.ssage in quesbut the occurtion, the word is rendered " tents " rence of "gardens" before it and of "cedars" after it compels us to look for a tree of some kind. Dillmann (Com. to Num. xxiv. 6, 2d ed., p. 157) conjectures that the word was originally D?'X (compare

Ex. XV. 27. Gen. xiv. 6). yv^ signifies also terebinth (compare Scptuagint to Gen. xiv. 6), and this would accord with the context quite as well. G. A. B.



The Greek name

for

Aleph was,

ac-

cording til the older tradition of H. Ishniael (Shekalim, iii. 2; compare Ai.Efii), used as a mark for the tirst of the shekel boxes in the Temple. According to Men. ix. 1-6, Alpha designated the first quality of the flour used in the Temple (see Alphabet). K. An expression found in several places in the Kevelation of John (xxi. 6, xxii. 13, i. 8), a book which is today almost imiversally recognized by New Testament scholars of the critical school as derived frfim an originally Jewish work. It is found in passjiges like " I am the Aljdia and the Omega, the beginning and the end"

ALPHA AND OMEGA

(xxi. G);

"lam

the



Alpha and the Omega, the

be-

with his father, Salomon haLcvi, or Paul de Bcrgos, and his brothers and sisters, was baptized in 1891. Having devoted himself to the study of philosophy and the Law, while yet yoimg he became deacon of Santiago and Segovia. Owing to his erudition and adroitness he

ginning and the end. the first and the last" (xxii. 13); and also, "I am the Aljilia and the Omega, the beginning and the end. saith tlii' Lord, who is, who was, and who will come, the Almighty Ruler " (i. 8.). This is not simply a paraphrase of Isa. xliv. 6: "I am the first and the last." but the Ilellenized form of a well-known rabbinical dictum: "The seal of God is Emct." which means Truth and is derived from the letters n D K. the first, the middle, and the last letters of the Hebrew alldiabet. the beginning, the middle, and the end of all things. Thus Josephus defines God as " the beginning, middle, and end of all things." See Zipser's edition of Jo.sephus

exerted great influence at the Castilian court, whence

"Contra Ap." edited by Jellinek,

ALONZO DE LA CALLE. See America. Dis ALONZO DE CARTAGENA, or DE SANTA MARIA: ."Marano: l)i>rn in Burgos, Si>aiu. in

rOVF.UV OF,

Ki.s.i.

Alonzo,

together

1871, pp.

1.59,

160.