Page:Jewish Encyclopedia Volume 1.pdf/297

251 ;

Not

Agricultural Colonies

THE JEWISH ENX'YCLOPEDIA

251 liaviiig sufficient int-ans to

eily.

I

lie

new owners

work the

transferred

ISotlisiliild, willi wliiise lieneliecnt

it

aid

to

tract prop-

Huron do

7.")0, 0(1(1

(Palestine,

de Rothschild passed over to the management of the Jewish Colonization Association of London,

vines

iindniiiny fruit trees were] ilanted in lie course of six orseveu years, and dunnj; tliistinieaiuiinlxT of houses were built. I

Some Minor

JEWISH AGRICULTURAL COLONIES

The

[lopuhitiou in 1«'JS was 51. llie .same year (1891) the little <-oliiny of Mo?ah was founded uear.Ierusalem, Three families si'ttled on >'> lieelaris (147 acres) of laud and they are supported liy the I!'Me U'rith. .liiiut the same lime 5 fMiinliis ficim Wilna set-

Colonies.

IN

In

PALESTINE J.D. EISENSTEIN

'

west of i>afe Barim <'.l(i Banin de Uothsclnld founded tlic colony Metullah, which is situated at the foot of .Mt, IlermoM. lint far fmm the ancient Dan (Laish), on the northern border of Palestine. The i)o|iulation of this colony in 1H9H was 2:W, most of the male in( inbers of which were young men who had lalxncd for

several years in other colonies or were the children of colonists elsewhere. The.v cultivate wheat and tobacco. .lewish colonization society in Bulgaria, conA sistini; of .")(• members, bought 4.~)0 hectares (1.12.") acres) of land from the English Mission, and founded the colony Artuf, or Hartuf, in 1890. Nine of the

members came with their lamilies, and formed a comniuinstic society, working under the management of a superintendent elected l)y themselves. In 189m ih|.y had not yet aci|uii-ed title" to their land. In 1S1I8 I.i-o .Mozkin inspected the colonies on behalf of the Vienna Conference of Zionists, and his rr port showed a state of alTairs not altogether satisfactorv. In 1898 there

were in all the 2.") colonies about .1.000 (According to the reports of L. MozUin and others, there are in all Palestine about 4.."i(ll) .bwish (i2.")0(l coh'insts, occupying about 2."i.0(l(l hectares .lews.

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—

acres of land. Besides ;!00 families of ihiy -la borers, there were OfiO fanulii'S of actual cnli mists, numbrriiiL' Of these. 390 familii-s. <.r l.odd per2.838 persou.s. sons, were under the management of the Kothschild adnnnistration, Inadditionto the aid General received from this soune, variousbodCondition ies su|)port the colonists, more cs pecially two organizations, viz., the of the Colonies. Odessa Aid Society for Jewish .Vgriculturisls and .rtisiuis, and. in much larger measure, the Jewish Colonization Association, The following are the chief (anses that retard the development of the Palestine colonies: (I) the dependence on charity, notably on that of Baron eo Mozkin, in Mahanaim. "Kie Welt," IHIW. Nos. .W-.iH). In 1S99 the colony Mahanaim was foundi'd by the(!alieian .Miabat /.ion Society, with the aid of the .lewish Colonizatinii .VssiH'lation and They began with 10 of the Ezra Society of lierlin. Oalieiaii and ti native families, and have already re ceived from the government ))erniis.si(>n to biiilii lioiisis and enlarge the colony geiier Chanfe of ally. This now covers about 8011 hec tares (about 2.011(1 ncres), at the foot of Title. )

Ml

IIiiiiioM.

It

is

reached from

I'ort

via .cie. in twelve hours. .M the ind of 1899 those Agricullunil Colonies in I'ali'stine u hose title lav in the name of Edmoiid llail'a,

A

list itf colonit"*.

Intioii. atul

nthrr

with daii's of fotimliilitm. popvi-

ilt'tiiils, is

^ivcn on

ilit'iioxt

pao':