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123 THE JEWISH ENCYCLOPEDIA

123

Jews' College, a position for which lie was eminently fitted, as the bent of his mind was toward the education of the youn>r. With tliis object before him he succeeded in foundina: the Society for the DilTusion of Religious Knowledfre Amontc the Young, and lie remained one of its most iiilluenlial members till his He wrote several of the tracts published by death. Twfi of his sons, Joseph and Moses, the society. became .Jewish ministers, and a third son, Israel, is senior tutor of Jews' College. BiDLiOGRAPiiv



Jew. Chron. Nov.

20,

WB. G. L.

ABRAHAMS, ISRAEL tcailiir;

lii'i'M

ill

l.iiMcliiii,

Baknktt

English author and .November 20, 1858: son lie received his educa:

Aiik.mia.ms. ('ollege, of which his father was principal, and at University College, London, He received the degree of >I,A. from the University of London in IHHl. Abrahams taught secular subjects as well as liomilctics at .Tews' ('oll<'ge, and was appointed senior tutor of that institution in IftOtl. lie is a forceful lecturer and an earnest lay preacher. As honorary secretary of the Jewish Historical Society of England and as a member of the Committee for Training .Jewish Teachers, hi; has been very active. He is also a member of the Committee of the Anglo-.Iewisli As.sociation, and of several other institutions of the community. Abrahams was joint author with Chiude G. Montefiore of " Aspects of Judaism," published in 1H!).~). His chief works are "Jewish Life in the Middle Ages," IsiKi, and "Cliaptcrs on Jewi.sh Literature," 1898. Since 1HH9 he has been joint editor of the "Jewish (Quarterly Heview," and has helped materially to raise it to ils present high position. He is a prolific colli riliiitor to periodical literature, and is especially well known for his articles on literary subjects, which appear weekly in the ".Jewish Chronicle " under the title of "Books and Bookmen."

of

tion at

Jews'

Bini,iOGRAPiiv:

Abraham ben Yefet Abrahamson, Abraham

ABRAHAMS, NICOLAI CHRISTIAN LEVIN:

Danisli scholar, prolessor of the French lanliterature at the University of Copenhagen; born at Copenhagen Sept. 0, 1798; died there He entered the university in 1815, and Jan. 25, 1S7I). graduated in law in 1818. He was one of the twelve Danes (<(//(7f/^^''o sent the literary challenge to the Danish author Baggesen in reply to his criticism of the literary idol of the time, Adam Oehlenschlilger. For four years, in order to continue his studies, he traveled in foreign countries, and in 1H28 he returned to Copenhagen and wrote, to gain the degree of master of art.s, a dissertation on W'ace's " Boman de Brut." year later he was appointed lector of French at the Univei-sity of Copenhagen, and in 1833 was promoted to a professorshiji after he had been baptized. Abrahams did much for the promotion of the study of French in Denmark, not only by his lectures, but also by his publications, of which some are scientific and otliiM-s are of a more popular nature. In 1857 he retired from his jiosition at the university and became notary public. For some years he was president of the Society of Fine Arts in Copenhagen, a history of which he wrole in 1804. He was also president of the Society for the Development of Da" Description nish Literature. Among his works are des Manuscrits Fran<;ais du Moyen-Age de la Bibliothique Hoyale de Copenliague," 1844; "Fransk Sprogliire," 1845; " Baltliasari Castilioni Aulici Liber

guage and

A

Secundum V'lterem Versionem Gallicam." 1848; "Mcddelelser of mit Liv," published by his son in 1870. Tertiiis

Bini.iooRAPiiv: KTickBi, Dan»k Biograftsk Lexiknn.s.v.; Salmoiisen, .Store lUustrerede Konversatioiu Lexikon, s.v.

A. M.

ABRAHAMSON, ABRAHAM



German

nied-

and master of the I'russiaii mint; born at Potsdam, 1754 (1752 '0: died in Berlin, July 23, 1811. As an engraver he was considered one of the

ali--t

Who's TTTionOOO; Hanis, Jeu'. YearBook,

1800.

C. L.

ABRAHAMS, LOUIS BARNETT nia^tiT of

III

.li'Ws'

Kri'c ScIkhiI.



Head

London; born was educated

at

Swansea. Smilli Wales, H,. in the Jews' School at .Manchester, whither his family 1M54 he was indentured to had removed in 1845. In Moses Angel at the .Tews' Free School, London, as a pupil-teacher, and in 180-4 he was appointed principal inslructorof English. For the next twenty years Abrahams had charge of nearly all the teaching stall of the boys' department of the school. In 1884 he LSp,'.

was

appiiintid

vice-master.

When,

in

December,

1807, failing lieallh compelled the retirement of Moses. g(l, .Mirahams was elecled head master of the schiiol, while .Moses Angel became principal; on thedealh of ilie latter in September, 1898, Abrahams succeeileil him.

Abrahams is a

gnidiiate of the London University, and one of the foiimlers of the Jewish Educational Board and of the Teachers' Training ('(immillie. Mis piiliiiNlied works are; "A Manual of Scriptural

History for Jewish Sclioiils and Kainilies." I.,ondon. "" 1882; A Translation of the rrayer-Book for School Use"; " A Chronological Ilislory of England." On the establishment of the "Jewish Hecoril," in 1808, Abrahains acted as ils tlrst editor. He has been also a freiiuent contributor to other Jewish perimlieals. Biiii.iooinniv: Jew. rlirmi. liiKik,

IMW;

ritv. in, isic, p. 9 ; I'liuni; /uriicl, IXt., IWW l|><>rtmll).

Jew. Year

G. L.

Medal

Conimeiii(initln(r Enfranililsfiiienl of Jews in Weslpliiilla.

best of his time.

Having learned the

art of engra-

ving from his father, Jacdii Ahuaiiam, he soon exThere exists a celled iiim in artistic execution.

medal of the actor Brockmaun, which is said to be the joint production of father and son. Abrahamson was much influenced by the designs of t'hodowiecki, and sought to ilniw nearer to nature than did llie laller. and thus avoid the dangers

On account of this the obof too pedanlie a style verse sides of his medals are much finer than the reverse, which always exhibit the poverty and coldness of allegorical creation. Up to the year 17S8 .Vbnihainsoii had engnivedonly the designs of others; then, in search of ideas and to study form, he .set oiil He spent four for the various art centers of Europe. years abroad, and on his return most of the med The following als he made were of his own design. are by far the best of his numerous productions: