Page:Introductory Hebrew Grammar- Hebrew Syntax (1902).djvu/45

 הָֽרָשָׁע the wicked. Ptcp., Jos. 8:19 הָֽאוֹרֵב the ambush, 1 S. 13:17 הַמַּשְׁחִית the active warriors, Gen. 14:13 הַפָּלִיט the fugitive (if these do not belong to § 21 e, and be defined by the action they perform). The Art. is frequently omitted in poetry. Here also plur. is common. Ps. 1:4–6.

(c) The various classes of creatures, as Gen. 8:7 הָֽעֹרֵב a raven, v. 8 a dove. Esp. in comparisons. Jud. 14:6 כְּשַׁסַּע הַגְּדִי as one rends a kid. 2 S. 17:10 כְּלֵב הָֽאַרְיֵה like the heart of a lion. Ps. 33:17 שֶׁקֶר הַסּוּס לִתְשׁוּעָה a horse is vain for deliverance. So Ecc. 7:26 הָֽאִשָּׁה a woman (i.e. women). 1 S. 26:20 a partridge, Jud. 7:5 as a dog laps, 1 S. 17:34, Am. 3:12; 5:19. 2 K. 8:13 מָה עַבְדְּךָ הַכֶּלֶב what is thy servant, the dog (thy dog of a s.)?

(d) So other well-known objects, such as the precious metals and stones, and, in general, any well-known article, though usage fluctuates here; Gen. 2:11 אֲשֶׁר שָׁם הַזָּהָב where there is gold. Am. 2:6, Gen. 13:2, 2 Chron. 2:13, 14. Gen. 11:3 the brick, the asphalt, the mortar. 1 K. 10:27, Is. 28:7.

(e) And, in general, in comparisons — the thing to which comparison is made naturally being known and distinct before the mind. Is. 1:18 אִם־יִֽהְיוּ חֲטָֽאֵיכֶם כַּשָּׁנִים כַּשֶּׁלֶג יַלְבִּינוּ if your sins be like crimson, they shall be white like snow. 10:14 וַתִּמְצָא כַקֵּן יָדִי and my hand hath found like a nest the wealth of the nations. Nu. 11:12, Jud. 16:9, 1 K. 14:15, 2 S. 17:3, Hos. 6:4, Deu. 1:44, Is. 34:4; 51:8; 53:6, 7, Mic. 4:12. See the exx. in c.

Rem. 1. Any object or thing well known receives the Art., e.g. affections or diseases, Gen. 19:11 הַסַּנְוֵרִים blindness, Zech. 12:4 madness, &c., 2 S. 1:9 הַשָּׁבָץ dizziness? Lev. 13:12 leprosy. So plagues, calamities, as blasting, mildew, &c. Am. 4:9, Hag. 2:17, Deu. 28:21, 22, cf. Ex. 5:3, 2 K. 6:18. So moral qualities as faithfulness Is. 11:5, &c. Also physical elements as fire in the frequent burn