Page:Introductory Hebrew Grammar- Hebrew Syntax (1902).djvu/188

 and often in Deu. — Sometimes in the sense of Lat. ne in an independent sent., Ex. 34:15 פֶּן־תִּכְרֹת בְּרִית  ne ineas pactum. Is. 36:18, Jer. 51:46, Job 32:13 say not!

(d) The neg. טֶרֶם  not yet is usually joined to impf. even when referring to the past. Gen. 19:4 טרם יִשְׁכָּבוּ  they were not yet lain down. Gen. 2:5; 24:45, Ex. 10:7, Jos. 2:8, 1 S. 3:3 (in v. 7 rd. perhaps יֵדַע  ). — The word אֶפֶס  ( אָפֵס   to be done) means ceasing, being done, no more, nothing. Is. 5:8 עַד אֶפֶס מָקוֹם  till there be no more place. 2 S. 9:3 הַאֶפֶס עוֹד אִישׁ  is there none still remaining? Am. 6:10 הַעוֹד עִמָּךְ ··· אָפֶס  are there any still there? no more! With prep. Is. 52:4 for nothing, 40:17 of nothing. Cf. Is 45:14; 46:9, Pr. 26:20 (prep.). In Zeph. 2:15, Is. 47:8, 10 אַפְסִי  has junctive vowel (not suff.), I am, and none besides (me).

§ 128. The double neg. adds force to the negation. Zeph. 2:2 בְּטֶרֶם לֹא־יָבוֹא  before it does not come. Ex. 14:11 הֲמִבְּלִי אֵין קְבָרִםֻ  is it because there are no graves ( מִן   is causative), 2 K. 1:3, 6, 16. The prep. מִן  away from, so as not to be, &c., has neg. force, and is often joined with pleonastic אֵין. Is. 6:11 מֵאֵין יוֹשֵׁב  so that there shall be no (= without) inhabitant, Is. 5:9; Jer. 4:7. Cases like Is. 50:2 מֵאֵין מַיִם , Jer. 7:32 מֵאֵין מָקוֹם  are different: from there being (because there is) no water, &c., comp. Rem. 5. The text of 1 K. 10:21 is not above suspicion, owing to use of לא  with ptcp. (2 Chr. 9:20 omits לא  ).

Rem. 1. The neg. לא  is used as privative in forming compounds: (a) with nouns, לֹא אֵלּ   a no-god, Deu. 32:21, cf. v. 17; לֹא אִישׁ  (one) not-man, Is. 31:8; לֹא עֵץ  (what is) not-wood, Is. 10:15; לֹא דָבָר  a no-thing, Am. 6:13, cf. Hos. 1:9; 2:25. (b) With adj., as לא חָכָם  unwise, Hos. 13:13, לֹא חָסִיד  impious, Ps. 43:1, cf. Pr. 30:25 not-strong, 2 K. 7:9. — With prep. בְּלֹא  without, Nu. 35:22, 23 (inf.), Ez. 22:29, cf. Isa. 55:1, 2, Lev. 15:25. — Job 26.2 לְלֹא כֹחַ