Page:Introductory Hebrew Grammar- Hebrew Syntax (1902).djvu/181

 AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCE

§ 118. Affirmative force is given in various ways, e.g. — (1) By casus pendens, Gen. 3:12 the woman … she gave me, 42:11 (§ 106). (2) By expression of pron. either alone or with vav, גַּם , &c. Gen. 4:4; 20:5, Is. 14:10. (3) By inf. abs. (§ 86). (4) By repetition of words, Is. 38:19, the living, the living. Ecc. 7:24 deep, deep, who shall find it? Is. 6:3, Jer. 7:4.

Affirmative particles are אֲבָל  truly, Gen. 42:21 אֲבָל אֲשֵׁמִים אֲנַחְנוּ   verily we are guilty; 2 S. 14:5, 1 K. 1:43; later a particle of contrast, Dan. 10:7, 21. — אַךְ  truly, surely, Gen. 26:9 אַךְ אִשְׁתְּךָ הִוא   in truth she is thy wife. 1 S. 16:6, Hos. 12:9. So אָכֵן , Ex. 2:14 אָכֵן נוֹדַע הַדָּבָר   verily the thing is known. Gen. 28:16, 1 S. 15:32, Is. 53:4.

Rem. 1. Also various derivatives of אמן , e.g. אָמְנָם   verily, in truth, 2 K. 19:17; ironically Job 9:2; 12:2 verily ye are the people. Also אֻמְנָם  id. (always with interrog.), Nu. 22:37, Gen. 18:13, 1 K. 8:27. So אָמְנָה , Gen. 20:12, Jos. 7:20.

The word כִּי often strengthens. Gen. 18:20 the cry of Sodom כִּי רַבָּה  (surely) it is great. Particularly in antithesis after neg.: Gen. 18:15 לֹא כִּי צָחַקְתְּ  nay, thou didst laugh. 1 K. 3:22 לאֹ כִּי בְנִי הַחַי  no! my child is the live one. And so usually, Jos. 5:14; 24:21, Jud. 15:13, 1 S. 2:16 ( לו  = לא   ), 2 S. 16:18 ( לא   = לו   last cl.), 1 K. 2:30, 2 K. 3:13 אַל   ; 20:10, Is. 30:16, Ps. 49:11.

§ 119. The oath. — אֵל , יהוה   , אלהים   , חַי אָֽנִי   as I live, as God, Je. liveth; but פַרְעֹה   , חֵי נַפְשְׁךָ   as thy soul, Phar., &c., liveth. With pron. I and divine names the form is חַי   , otherwise חֵי   , cf. the curious חֵי אֱלֹהֶיךָ דָּן  Am. 8:14 as thy god, O Dan, liveth. — Jud. 8:19 חַי יהוה. 2 S. 2:27 חַי הָֽאלהים , Jer. 44:26 חַי אֲדֹנָי י׳ , Job 27:2 חַי־אֵל   , 1 K.