Page:Introductory Hebrew Grammar- Hebrew Syntax (1902).djvu/155

 Subordination of Nouns to the Verb by Means of Prepositions

§ 101. The action of the verb often reaches the obj. through the medium of a prep. The prepp. may be assumed to be — 1. Words expressing locality. 2 Then they are transferred to the sphere of time. 3. And, finally, they are used to express relations which are intellectual or ideal.

When several words are coupled together under the regimen of the same prep. it is often repeated before each, as Hos. 2:21 בְּצֶדֶק וּבְמִשְׁפָּט וּבְחֶסֶד וּבְרַֽחֲמִים    Gen. 12:1; 40:2, 2 S. 6:5, Hos. 1:7. But usage varies, Hos. 2:20; 3:2. Sometimes, in poetry especially, the prep. exerts its influence over a second clause without being repeated, Is. 28:6 for לִמְשִׁיבֵי   , Job 15:3 for וּבְמִלִּים     , Is. 30:1 from my spirit, 48:9 for the sake of my praise.

Certain prepp. of motion, chiefly אל    and מן    , are used with verbs that do not express motion, and, on the other hand, a prep. of rest such as ב    may be used with a verb of motion. This pregnant consn., as it has been called, permits the ellipse of a verb. 1 S. 7:8 אַל־תַּֽחֲרֵשׁ מִמֶּנּוּ    be not silent (turning away) from us. Ps. 22:22 מִקַּרְנֵי רֵמִים עֲנִיתָֽנִי    heard (and delivered) me from the horns. 1 S. 24:16 יִשְׁפְּטֵנִי מִיָּדֶֽךָ   , cf. 2 S. 18:19. Is. 38:17, Ez. 28:16 profane (and cast) thee from the mount, Ps. 28:1; 18:22; 73:27, Ezr. 2:62. — Gen. 19:27 וַיַּשְׁכֵּם ··· אֶל־הַמָּקוֹם    he rose early (and went) unto the place, Song 7:13. Gen. 42:28 וַיֶּֽחֶרְדוּ אִישׁ אֶל־אָחִיו    they trembled (and looked) unto one another; and often with verbs of fear, wonder, &c., Gen. 43:33, Is. 13:8, Hos. 3:5 come trembling unto, Mic. 7:17, cf. Is. 41:1. Ps. 89:40 profaned (and cast) to the ground, 74:7. Is. 14:17, Gen. 14:3. With 1 S. 21:3. (if text יודעתי    right) cf. Gen. 46:28. 1 S. 13:7 rd. prob. מֵאַֽחֲרְי    trembled from after him