Page:Introductory Hebrew Grammar- Hebrew Syntax (1902).djvu/154

 Hos. 13:13). Jer. 18:15, Hab. 1:14 in an attributive clause, Job 29:12. Cf. 2 S. 1:21, Hos. 7:8. But also in a number of cases when pred., perhaps with rather more force, Nu. 35:23 (= Deu. 19:4), Deu. 28:61, 2 S. 3:34, Jer. 4:22, Ez. 4:14; 22:24, Zeph. 3:5, Ps. 38:15, Job 12:3. The double neg. of 1 K. 10:21 is wanting in 2 Chr. 9:20. The accents show Is. 62:12, Jer. 6:8, to be perf.; Zeph. 2:1 is doubtful. Of course לא רֻחָמָה Hos. 1:6, לא נֻחָמָה    Is. 54:11, are perfs.

Rem. 4. The finite tense which continues ptcp. will vary (cf. on inf. § 96, R. 2). It will be ''vav conv. impf.'' when ptcp. referred to a fact in the past, Gen. 27:33; 35:3, or was equivalent to a perf. of experience, Am. 5:7, 8; 9:5. It will be simple impf. or ''vav conv. perf.'' when ptcp. expressed a thing habitual or general, 2 S. 20:12, Am. 8:14, Is. 5:8, Mic. 3:5, 9, or referred to fut., 1 K. 13:2, 3.

Rem. 5. The ptcp. being of weaker force than finite tense, sometimes uses prep. ל    instead of acc. to convey the action, particularly when obj. precedes. Is. 11:9 לַיָּם מְכַסִּים    waters covering the sea. Nu. 10:25, Deu. 4:42, Am. 6:3 (cf. Is. 66:5), Is. 14:2. So in Ar., limâlihi fîha muhîna, making light of his money, Am. b. Kelth. v. 4.

Rem. 6. The ptcp. without subj. tends to be used in later style for 3rd pers. like finite verb. Jos. 8:6, Neh. 6:6; 9:3. 5, Is. 13:5, and in Psalms. So occasionally for inf., Jer. 2:17 עֵת מֽוֹלִכֵךְ    the time when he led thee. Gen. 38:29 (comp. Mal. 1:7 with 8; 1:12; 2:17; also 2:15). In Ez. 27:34 rd. עַתָּ נִשְׁבַּרְתְּ. Both uses are common in post-biblical Heb.

Rem. 7. The pass. ptcp. appears in some cases to express a state which is the result of the subject’s own action. Is. 26:3 בָּטוּחַ    trusting, Ps. 103:14 זָכוּר     mindful, Is. 53:3 יָדוּעַ    acquainted with. Cf. 1 S. 2:18, Jud. 18:11, Ez. 9:2, 3, Song 3:8.