Page:Introductory Hebrew Grammar- Hebrew Syntax (1902).djvu/153

 2, 17, 1 K. 1:14, 22, 42, 2 K. 6:33, Jer. 33:1, Job 2:3. So with ישׁ   , and אין. Gen. 24:42, 49; 43:4, Deu. 29:14, Jud. 6:36.

Rem. 1. The time of ptcp., § 100 c. Exx. of present time: Gen. 16:8; 19:15; 32:12; 37:16; 43:18, Deu. 4:1; 12:8 and often, Jud. 7:10; 18:3, 1 S. 14:11, Is. 1:7, Hos. 3:1. Exx. of past time: Gen. 39:23 ואשׁר הוא עשֶֹׁה י׳ מַצְלִיחַ    whatever ''he did Je. prospered'', 37:7, 15; 40:6; 41:1 seq., Ex. 18:5, 14, Deu. 4:12, Jud. 4:22; 14:4; 19:27, 1 S. 2:13; 9:11, 1 K. 3:2; 4:20; 6:27, 2 K. 13:21. Exx. of fut. time: Gen. 7:4; 17:19; 41:25, 28; 49:29, Ex. 33:15, Jud. 11:9; 15:3, 1 S. 20:36, 2 S. 12:23, 2 K. 4:16, Ps. 22:32; 102:19. Particularly with הִנֵּה   , as Gen. 15:3; 20:3; 24:13; 1 S. 3:11, 1 K. 13:2, Is. 3:1; 7:14, Am. 8:11. The ptcp. with הנה    however may refer to any time, as pres., Gen. 38:24 is with child, Jud. 9:36, 1 S. 10:22, 1 K. 1:25; 17:12; or past, Gen. 40:6; 41:1, Am. 7:1, 4, 7.

The ptcp., even without copula, may express juss. sense; Gen. 3:14 אָרוּר אַתָּה    cursed be thou, 9:26; 24:27, 1 K. 2:45, cf. Ru. 2:19.

Rem. 2. In order to express more distinctly the idea of duration, particularly in past, the verb היה    is sometimes used with the ptcp., generally in a clause of circumstance explicative of the main narrative, but also in an independent statement. Gen. 37:2 יוֹסֵף הָיָה רֹעֶה    Jos. was herding; Jud. 16:21 וַיְהִי טוֹהֵן בְּבֵית הָֽאֲסוּרִים    and he continued to grind; 1 S. 2 11 וְהַנַּעַר היָה מְשָׁרֵת אֶת־י׳     and the child continued to minister. Gen. 4:17; 39:22, Ex. 3:1, Deu. 9:7, 22, 24; 28:29, Jud. 1:7 1 S. 18:29, 2 S. 3:6, 17; 7:6, 2 K. 17:25–41; 18:4, Is. 2:2; 59:2, Jer. 26:18, 20, Hos. 9:17, Ps. 122:2, Job 1:14. Pass. ptcp. Lev. 13:45, 1 K. 22:35, Jer. 14:16; 36:30, Zech. 3:3. The usage is more common in the later style (occurring sometimes with almost no emphasis). Neh. 1:4; 2:13. 15, 1 Chr. 6:17; 18:14, 2 Chr. 30:10; 36:16, Est. 2:15, Dan. 1:16; 5:19; 10:9.

Rem. 3. The ptcp. is negatived by לא    when an attributive. Jer. 2:2 ארץ לֹא זְרוּעָה    a land not sown (cf. adj. Deu. 32:6,