Page:Introductory Hebrew Grammar- Hebrew Syntax (1902).djvu/109

 17:17 with v. 20. Effect is rather expressed by vav perf., וְהָיָה  not וִיהִי  , though the distinction is not always apparent; comp. 1 S. 15:25 coh. with v. 30 vav perf. Ex. 8:12, 1 S. 24:16, 2 S. 21:6, 1 K. 1:2. The juss., however, does not express effect simply so as that, apart from design; though there is a tendency to put design into the action rather than the agent, and this might explain some cases of juss.; cf. § 149, R. 3. — On the other hand, in negative sent. vav perf. often expresses the effect or consequence of the action, the whole compound expression (first verb and its consequence vav perf.) being under the neg.; Deu. 7:25, 26 לֹא תַחְמֹד ··· וְלָֽקַחְתָּ וְלֹא־חָבִיא וְהָיִיתָ  thou shalt not covet and take, thou shalt not bring it to thy house and so become a curse. Ex. 33:20, Deu. 19:10; 22:4, Is. 28:28, Ps. 143:7.

Rem. 3. The neg. apod. is usually subordinated by וְלֹא  (or לא   ) with ordinary impf. The form וְאַל  rather co-ordinates its clause to the preceding one, Deu. 33:6, Gen. 22:12, Jud. 13:14, Ps. 27:9, though some cases may seem dubious, Nu. 11:15, 1 S. 12:19, Ps. 69:15, cf. both neg. Pr. 27:2.

Rem. 4. The vav is occasionally omitted. Ps. 61:8 מַן יִנְצְרֻהוּ  (imp. pi. מנה   ) enjoin that they keep him. Ex. 7:9, Is. 27:4, Job 9:32, 33, 35, Ps. 55:7; 118:19; 119:17. In Ps. 140:9 rd. perhaps יָרִימוּ  and attach to v. 10.

Rem. 5. Some uses of coh. are peculiar. (a) It is not unnatural that the coh. or intentional should be used to express an action which one resigns himself to do, though under external pressure — a subjective I must. Is. 38:10 אֵֽלְכָה , Ps. 57:5, Jer. 3:25? (b) Its use is also natural when a narrator recalls and repeats dramatically his thoughts and resolutions on a former occasion, as the Bride recites the resolutions she formed in her dreams, Song 3:2, cf. 5:2. So perhaps Ps. 77:4, 7, Hab. 2:1, Job 19:18? But Ps. 66:6 שׁם נִשְׂמְחָה  there did we rejoice, can hardly be so explained (though impf. might be according to § 45, R. 2). Other cases occur where its usual sense cannot be attached to coh. The form, however, is but a fragment of a mood, which possibly had originally a wider range of meaning. There is also a tendency in the later stages of a language