Page:Introductory Hebrew Grammar- Hebrew Syntax (1902).djvu/105

 first form is called by some the Intentional; others embrace both under the name Voluntative.

When special cohort. and juss. forms exist they are generally used to express the senses just noted, but by no means uniformly, the simple impf. being often found where the modified forms might have been employed. Job 3:9 אַל־יִרְאֶה  with 20:17 אַליֵרֶא.

§ 62. Use of Cohort. — The coh. or intentional is used to express the will of the speaker in ref. to his own action, Deu. 12:20 אֹֽכְלָה בָשָׂר  I would eat flesh; 17:14 אָשִׂימָה עָלַי מֶלֶךְ   I will set a king over me; 13:7 נֵֽלְבָה וְנַֽעַבְדָה אִ׳ אֲחֵרִים   we will go and serve other gods. The particle נא  is often added, Gen. 18:21 אֵֽרְדָה־נָּא   I will go down, Ex. 3:3, Jud. 19:11, 13, Is. 5:1. The cohort. form is only occasional with neg., 2 S. 24:14 נִפְּלָה־נָא בְיַד־י׳ וּבְיַד אָדָם אַל־אֶפֹּֽלָה  … but into the hand of man let me not fall; Jer. 17:18; 18:18, Jon. 1:14, Ps. 25:2; 69:15. When there are several verbs one may have coh. form and the others not, or all may have it. Comp. Is. 1:24, Gen. 24:57, Ps. 26:6 with Gen. 22:5; 33:12, 2 S. 3:21, Hos. 2:9; 6:3, Ps. 27:6 — Thus when the speaker is free the coh. expresses intention or determination, or it may be desire; when he is dependent on others it expresses a wish or request. Gen. 11:3, 4, 7; 12:2, 3; 33:14; 50:5, Nu. 21:22, Deu. 2:27, Jud. 12:5, 1 S. 28:22, 2 S. 16:9, 1 K. 19:20.

§ 63. Use of Jussive. — The juss. is used — (a) to express a command; 1 S. 10:8 שִׁבְעַת יָמִים תּוֹחֵל  seven days thou shalt wait. Particularly in neg. sentences, Deu. 3:26 אַל־תּוֹסֶף דַּבֵּר אֵלַי עוֹד  speak to me no more; Hos. 4:4 אִישׁ אַל־יָרֵב וְאַל־יוֹכַח אִישׁ  let none contend and none reprove. If there be several neg. clauses לא  is often used after the first, 1 K. 20:8 אַל־תִּשְׁמַע וְלוֹא חֹאבֶה   listen not, nor consent, Am. 5:5; but in impassioned language אל