Page:Interim Staff Report on Investigation into Risky MPXV Experiment at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.pdf/13

 Academies of Science, Medicine, and Engineering issued a consensus study report that noted the future risk posed by the proliferation of synthetic biology and gene editing technology: "While construction of orthopoxvirus from scratch is now possible, the committee estimated that the number of labs capable of carrying out such work is limited to perhaps less than 100 globally. The committee expects this number to increase over the next two decades as DNA synthesis and genome construction techniques improve dramatically. Moreover, the modiﬁcation of an existing orthopoxvirus to increase virulence has long been possible."

The Experiment

According to the NIH, the experiment at issue is a project on MPXV virus enhancement planned and/or conducted at NIAID. The NIH project number that includes this experiment is Poxvirus Host Interactions, pathogenesis and immunity, 1ZIAAI000979. The Principal Investigator of this project is Dr. Bernard Moss of NIAID.

The project involves transferring genes from clade I or Congo Basin clade MPXV (a rare version of MPXV that is 1,000 times more lethal in mice than the version currently circulating in the United States) into clade II or West African clade MPXV (the version currently circulating in the United States). Clade I MPXV is lethal to more than 10 percent of unvaccinated humans while clade II MPXV is much more transmissible.