Page:Indian Medicinal Plants (Text Part 1).djvu/568

488 Sungungrik (Lep.) ; Jom. (Santal.) ; Lama, rung (Kol.) ; Chambûra, chambûl (Mar.) ; Pair, bela (Gond.).

Habitat :— -Foot of the Central and East Himalayas, Behar, Concan, and Sircars.

A gigantic, climbing tree. Stem irregularly ridged and furrowed, often 100ft. long and 2ft. diam. Bark brown, horizontally waved, wood porous, in broad, irregularly broken, but concentrically arranged, masses with a palmate outline, alternating with red, juicy bast tissue (Gamble). Branchlets, tendrils, petioles, underside of leaves and inflorescence clothed with dense ferruginous, rarely grey, tomentum. Leaves deeply cordate, variable in size, often up to 18in. diam., cleft to about ⅓ of their length, lobes obtuse, basal nerves 11-15, petiole stout, tendrils axillary, often flower-bearing, forked, bifurcations circinate. Flowers creamy-white, on long, slender pedicels, in terminal corymbose racemes. Calyx-tube shorter than the 2-lobed limb. Petals densely hairy, much exserted, l-l¼in. long. Stamens fertile, 3. Ovary hairy. Pod flat, woody, clothed with dense brown felt, 9-18 by 2-3in., bursting open with a loud report. Seeds 8-12.

Use : — The seed possesses tonic and aphrodisiac properties. Leaves are demulcent and mucilaginous (Watt).

Sans. : — Kânchan.

Vern. : — Kanîâr, kandan, koliâr, khairwâl, kwillar, koilarî, sona (H.) ; Koiral, karâr, karalli, grey (Pb.) ; Deva Kânchan, rakta kânchan, koiral (B.) ; Khwairalo (Nepal) ; Kachic (Lepcha) ; Buruju (Kol ) ; Singyara (Santal) ; Kodwari (Gond) ; Rakta chandan, atmatti, ragta kânchan, deva kânchana (Mar ) ; Penya âre, mandareh (Tam.); Peddaôre, bôdanta-chettu (Tel); Sarûl, sural, kanchivâla (Kan.).

Habitat : — From the foot of the West Himalayas and Khasia Mountains to Ceylon.

A moderate-sized, evergreen, bushy tree, with moderately stout, glabrescent branchlets. Bark about ½in. thick, ash-