Page:Indian Medicinal Plants (Text Part 1).djvu/507

Rh Arachis oil has the following constants : Specific gravity at 15°, 0.917 to 0.920 ; solidifying point, about zero ; saponification value, 185.6 to 194.8 ; iodine value, 83.3 to 100 ; Reichert-Meissl value, 0.0 ; Maumene test, 49°. Insoluble fatty acids and unsaponifiable, 94.87 to 95.86 ; melting point, 22° to 29° ; iodine value, 95.5 to 103.42 ; mean molecular weight, 281.8.

Arachis oil can be identified and detected by the isolation of arachidic acid, a constituent melting at 74.5". About 10 grms. of the oil is saponified, neutralised and treated with lead acetate. The lead salt is extracted with ether and the insoluble portion is decomposed and the fatty acids dissolved in 50 c.c. of 90 per cent, hot alcohol. On cooling the alcoholic solution, a crop of crystals will be obtained which should amount to 5 per cent, of the oil and melting between 74° and 75.5°, (Agricultural Ledger, 1911-12— No. 5, pp : 137- 138.)

Syn. : — Dalbergia ougeinensis, Roxb. 532.

Sans. : — Tinisa sejanduna.

Vern. :— Sândan, asainda, tinnas, timsa (Hind.) ; Tinis (Beng.); Bandhona (Uriya) ; Ruta (Kol.) ; Rot (Santal) ; Sandan-pipli (Nepal) ; Tewsa(Bhil) ; Sêr, shermana, tinsai (Gond.) ; Rutok (Kurku) ; Shânjan, pânan, tinsa, sâldan (N.-W. P.) ; Telus, sannan, sândan (Pb.) : Tunnia, (Banswara) ; Tinsa, karimattal, kala phalas tinnas, (C. P.) ; Tiwas, tunus, tunnia, telas, sandan, timsa (Bomb.) ; Kâlâ palas, tewas, tiwas, tanach (Mar.) ; Dargu, tella motuku, nemmi chettu, manda motuku (Tel.) ; Kari mutal, (Kan.)

Habitat : — Sub-Himalayan tract from the Sutlej to the Tista ; also Central India and the West Coast.

A. moderate-sized, deciduous tree 20 40ft., sometimes gregarious, with a short and often irregularly-shaped trunk. Bark -1/6in. thick, light brown, sometimes with bluish patches, with regular longitudinal and horizontal cracks. Wood hard, close-grained ; sap-wood small, grey ; heart- wood mottled, light brown, sometimes reddish-brown. Leaves pinnately 3-foliate, distinctly petioled, stipellate. Leaflets coriaceous, unequal, the terminal largest, broad-oval, the lateral opposite, oblique, edges undulate or slightly crenate, 3-6in. long. Flowers very copious, white or pale pink, on long slender pedicels, in dense fascicles or on short racemes, forming loose heads on old wood,