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Rh 30. Anthers with a hairy appendage. Stigma 3-lobulate. Capsule ¾ in. long, ovoid, acuminate, pubescent above; bases of fruiting Calyx-segments ½ in. long., ovate, hoary; wings 1½-1¾ by ½ in., spathulate, obtuse, 8-10-nerved.

Part used: — The resin.

Use: — It is an external stimulant. Not used internally.

To all appearance, it will foim a good basis for some plasters and ointments (MOODEEN SHERIFF).

Vern.: — Sufed-dámar; kahruba, sandras (H.): Koondrikum, vellikoondricum (Tam.); Vellakoondricum, Peinimarum (Malay); Dupa maram (Kan.); Dupadu, (Tel.); Chandrus (B.); Ral (Bomb.).

Eng.:— Indian Copal, Piney varnish, or white Dammar Tree.

Habitat: — Western Peninsula, from Canara to Travancore.

A large handsome evergreen tree ; young shoots and inflorescence clothed with a scurfy stellate tomentum (Brand is). Bark whitish grey, rough, ⅜ in. thick, peeling off in round thick flakes. Sapwood white, with a tinge of grey or red; heartwood light grey, rough, moderately hard, porous. Pores large, often subdivided, ringed. Medullary rays fine and broad, very prominent on all vertical sections, while on radial section they appear as rough plates, with shining fibres between them. The distance between the broad rays is generally greater than the transverse diameter of the pores. Annual rings doubtful, though distinct (Gamble). Leaves coriaceous, glabrous, elliptic- oblong; blade 4-10 by 2½-3½ in., obtuse or minutely acuminate, base rounded or emarginate; petiole 1-1½ in. long, secondary nerves 14-16 pair, prominent beneath as well as midrib. Stipules ½ in., obliquely lanceolate, acute. Flowers ½-¾ in. across, one-ranked, erect, in large terminal panicles, loosely corymbose; pedicels. longer than Calyx-segments, which latter are lanceolate, obtuse, canescent on both surfaces. Petals spreading, slightly