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158 remedies. The internal use Gurjun oil is also attended with benefit in some cases of true leprosy, in its early stage; but its efficacy in this respect is greatly enhanced with the addition of from five to ten drops of Chaulmugra oil to each drachm of it, If well mixed in the above proportion, the combination of Chaulmugra oil cannot be detected. Some years ago, I had received a bottle of Gurjun oil of this kind from a medical friend, which proved more useful in a case of true leprosy than all its varieties in the bazaar, but I did not know the existence of Chaulmugra oil in it. until 1 was informed of it. (Moodeen Sheriff.;

{{shorter|Balsamum Dipterocarpi (gurjun— or gardjan balsam, garjantel, wood-oil) is a product of various species of the genus Dipterocarpus, indigenous in South Asia. About 80 — 82 per cent, of it consists of an essential oil, which can be removed by distillation with steam; this boils at 255° and has sp. gr. 0.912 at 15° Of the residue, gurjoresen, C{{sub|17}}H{{sub|28}}O{{sub|2}}, forms the chief part, amounting to 16 — 18 per cent, of the balsam; it is amorphous and melts at 40 — 43°. Only about 3 per cent, of the balsam consists of resin acids; the bulk of these dissolves in 1 per cent, ammonium carbonate solution and is amorphous; the rest is insoluble, but dissolves in 1 per cent, sodium carbonate solution; this part was obtained to some extent in a crystalline state.

The deposits, largely crystalline in character, which had formed in various samples of gurjun balsam, were submitted to examination. They consist of crystalline resin-alcohols or resin-phenols, but yet are insoluble in alkalis, in these respects resembling amyrin. C{{sub|30}}H{{sub|50}}O. A substance obtained from Hirschsohn, and designated by him " neutral substance from gurjun balsam," consisted of such a hydroxy-compound. gurjuresinol, C{{sub|15}}H{{sub|25}}OH, probably identical with metacholestol (Mach. Abstr., 1895, i, 384) and copaivic acid Keto, Abstr.. 1902, i, 167); it melts at 131— 132° and forms acetyl and benzoyl derivatives melting at 96° and 106 — 107° respectively. The crystalline gurjuturboresinol, from Dipterocarpus turbinatus, has the composition C{{sub|20}}H{{sub|30}}O{{sub|2}}, and melts at 126— 129°; it is probably identical with Merck's copaivic acid and Trommsdorff's metacopaivic acid (Brix. Abstr., 1882, 65). Hirschsohn's "sodium salt from gurjun balsam. " when purified by recrystallisation, contained 3.6 per cent, of sodium; it consists of gurjuresinol along with the sodium salt of gurjoresinolic acid, C{{sub|16}}H{{sub|26}}O{{sub|4}}; the acid is crystalline and melts at 254—255°. J. Ch. S. Vol. 84. part 1. p. 771.

{{c|{{larger|137. D. tuberculatus, Roxb.}}{{sc| h.f.b.i.. i.}} 297; Roxb. 410.}}

Habitat : — Chittagong and Burma.

A large deciduous gregarious tree. " Bark dark grey. Wood dark red-brown, hard. Pores circular, large and moderate-sized,