Page:Indian Journal of Economics Volume 2.djvu/656

 BALKRISHNA It is the fountu of religion and support of the universe. None can strain the heavenly bliss without wealth. The rich alone are living in this world, the poor &re verily dead; n&y, poverty is even-worse than death." Now the paramount importmalco of vatta &nd art/m- shatra will culled from be well indicated by & few evideness authentic sources. Ksutily& begins his arghakagra with & discussion on he rel&tive impor- tance of ho four principal sciences, sad shows that vatitc and arthashastra are the sote par zlra His words are: "There are four primary sciences--logic, the three-fold lore of ghe Vdss, vartta &rid poligies ". The school of M&nu reeognises hreo sciences: Vedie lore, vartta and policies. The system of Brih&sp&i counts only wo sciences: vartta &nd politics, bee&us, in gho words of Kam d&k&: "hese &lone e&n help people in he &equisi- ion of we&lh." BuS the gre&$ preceptor Sukr& recognizes one znd only one science in his work &nd h is Danda-niti ' politics ', which is he beginning &nd he end of &ll sciences. Nex he very interesting &ppreei&tion of (h&n&ky& and skata ss well as of he Nitihtra p&sssge concerning ths he importuee of artha- vatta in the firsl lwo oh&profs of s&ge K&m&nd&ks deserves ihe atention of She readers:-- "Salutation unto the moss learned Vishnu Gupta, who raised he ambrosia of political science out of the vast ocean of She arthashaztra. As $his science is very much liked by kings, I shall make a brief but clear abridgemen of he treatise of tha learned scholar who was a master of all Whatever I shall say will branches of knowledge. be in perfect harmony with the views of 'those well-versed in the science politics (rajvidyavidam). Metaphysics, Vedas and r are indeed the most excellent of all knowledge."