Page:Indian Journal of Economics Volume 2.djvu/366

 $2 H. STANLEY JEFON$ wealthy even by the American standard, largely Uom the profits and econo. es of the vast public domain-- eapil sunk in public works of every kind and n  owned commercial undertakings in all Uze gmat standard- ized industries. But its wealth will moan far more to it in happinezs, for i will have health and leisure, and it will know how to enjoy wealth with highes nny by the cultivation enjoyment. It is of art and every form of refined s genersli.tion from history that the highest culture has arisen where nature has been exceptionally bounteous in agrice, or the profirm of trade have bee concentrated. s With the intensive economic development I am portraying wealth .can become everywhere so abundant that its enjoyment of wealth in through the by s limited population will letreit the highest culti- vation of the arts and sciences in any region. But society will need to make dispositions to secure this result, or st least to see that it is sned without many years of unnecessary delay. A rapid increment any-country almost invariably arises activities of the industrial sud trying classes, who must work so strenuously that in general they have no leisure for culture. They have no knowledge of culture anal can have therefore no desire for it. This new wealth they can dispose for greater happiness only through sensual pleasures and excitement, and then they become coarse and vulgar. There is s real danger that coarseness and vulgarity may become the dominant note of the population which thus amuses itself without even knowing those forms of enjoyment which give intnsest happiness. The greatest failing of public education has been the want of moral instruction; the next grestes failing has been s ttsl absence of culture from the schools. In t See H. J. Fleure, Human Oographt of Wester Europe (Williams and Norgate), pp. 9, 69, I1, 13Jl. -