Page:Indian Journal of Economics Volume 2.djvu/18

 10 H. STANLEY JEON$ those climbing the sierras and the Andes in South America. t In planning the economic development of a territory the old and existing trade routs should be ascertained and due weight (though i may not be great weight) should be given to the following considerations: (1) certain market towns will have sprung up on the old land and water routes; and these should so far as possible be made junction points on the railways,' or converging points of the important roads with the railway, so as to utilize existing marketing facilities and trade capital instead of more or less completely destroying them and having to build afresh elsewhere. * (2) The capital invested in the old land or water carrying trade will seek continued profitable use and may prove a serious competitor with the railway for the first few years o! its existence unless some other profitable use be provided for it. This is best done by having new main roads made to converge from a distance on the proper points on the railway, so that existing vehicles and animals can find a profitable trade in feeding the railway with traffic instead o( competing with it. Such new main roads will develope a traffic which may after ten or fifteen years justify the constrnction of a branch line. This principle has been ranch neglected in India. (8) It will be found, as a general rule, that railways can more profitably follow existing trade routes, than strike off across country, except as noted in the next section. They may, however, cut off corners. 4. 0 Bot.s principles noted in nd tkrou.gh Ld Boutes.--The the foregoing section are almost t 8oo W. 8. lhtrey, God,]2ht; o! $..4,t lalwa,f; Cleograph. Joum. Vol. XLIX (1917), p. 158. At .the same time msses nmy occur in which it is desirable to build owing to the inssni and tumble-down condition of an old city. In this.o sac I think it beot that a new city should be plannod and built on st site .$. mile or two removed from the existing oity. When. the traders and population have isrgeiy transferred themselves to the new city, the old one am be pulied down and rebuilt so far as appears desirsbie.