Page:Indian Copyright Act 1957.djvu/16

56  CHAPTER V

22. Except as otherwise hereinafter provided, copyright shall published subsist in any literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work (other an a photograph) published within the lifetime of the author until fifty years from the beginning of the calendar year next following the year in which the author dies.

Explanation.—In this section the reference to the author shall, in the case of a work of joint authorship, be construed as a reference to the author who dies last.

23. (1) In the case of a literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work (other than a photograph), which is published anonymously or pseudonymously, copyright shall subsist until fifty years from the beginning of the calendar year next following the year in which the work is first published;

Provided that where the identity of the author is disclosed before the expiry of the said period, copyright shall subsist until fifty years from the beginning of the calendar year next following the year in which the author dies.

(2) In sub-section (1), references to the author shall, in the case of an anonymous work of joint authorship, be construed,—


 * (a) where the identity of one of the authors is disclosed, as references to that author;


 * (b) where the identity of more authors than one is disclosed, as references to the author who dies last from amongst such authors.

(3) In sub-section (1), references to the author shall, in the case of a pseudonymous work of joint authorship, be construed,—


 * (a) where the names of one or more (but not all) of the authors are pseudonyms and his or their identity is not disclosed, as references to the author whose name is not a pseudonym, or, if the names of two or more of the authors are not pseudonyms, as references to such of those authors who dies last;


 * (b) where the names of one or more (but not all) of the authors are pseudonyms and the identity of one or more of them is disclosed, as references to the author who dies last from amongst the authors whose names are not pseudonyms and the authors whose names are pseudonyms and are disclosed; and


 * (c) where the names of all the authors are pseudonyms and the identity of one of them is disclosed, as references to the