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 of world-aristocracy by the exploitation of “lower races,” while they hand over the policing of the world more an more to members of these same races. These dangers would certainly arise if a federation of European States were simply a variant of the older Empires, using a pax Euroæa for similar purposes and seeking to maintain it by the same methods as those employed under the so-called pax Romana. The issue is a great one, furnishing, in fact, the supreme test of modern civilization.

Is it possible for a federation of civilized States to maintain the force required to keep order in the world without abusing her power by political and economic parasitism?