Page:Impeachment of Donald J. Trump, President of the United States — Report of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives.pdf/162

 *President Trump's direction was unprecedented: no President has ever issued such direction—or anything even approximating it—in response to an impeachment inquiry.
 * President Trump's direction had the natural and foreseeable consequence of obstructing—and did, in fact, obstruct—the House impeachment inquiry:
 * Defying a subpoena, the White House refused to produce any information or records to the Investigating Committees as part of this inquiry.
 * Defying subpoenas, the Department of State, the Office of Management and Budget, the Department of Energy, and the Department of Defense refused to produce a single record to the Investigating Committees as part of this inquiry.
 * Defying subpoenas, nine Administration officials refused to testify before the Investigating Committees, namely Mick Mulvaney (Acting White House Chief of Staff), Robert B. Blair (Assistant to the President and Senior Advisor to the Chief of Staff), John A. Eisenberg (Deputy Counsel to the President for National Security Affairs and Legal Advisor, National Security Council), Michael Ellis (Senior Associate Counsel to the President and Deputy Legal Advisor, National Security Council), Preston Wells Griffith (Senior Director for International Energy and Environment, National Security Council), Russell T. Vought (Acting Director, Office of Management and Budget), Michael Duffey (Associate Director for National Security Programs, Office of Management and Budget), Brian McCormack (Associate Director for Natural Resources, Energy, and Science, Office of Management and Budget, and former Chief of Staff to Secretary of Energy Rick Perry), and T. Ulrich Brechbuhl (Counselor, Department of State).
 * The Investigating Committees concluded—with ample reason—that this defiance of their subpoenas resulted in the denial of evidence relevant to the inquiry. Numerous witnesses identified specific relevant documents that have been withheld, and there is substantial evidence that officials who followed President Trump's direction not to appear could have offered testimony bearing on President Trump's course of conduct regarding Ukraine.