Page:Impeachment of Donald J. Trump, President of the United States — Report of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives.pdf/132

 iv."Corruptly"

President Trump behaved corruptly throughout this course of conduct because he offered to perform official acts "in exchange for a private benefit," rather than for any public policy purpose. Policymakers may of course trade support or assistance, and that type of "logrolling" does not constitute an exchange of bribes. But that is entirely different from the President seeking an announcement of investigations to serve his personal and political interests, as he did here. Indeed, and as detailed above, the record is clear that President Trump acted with corrupt motives, including that:
 * President Trump's request for investigations on the July 25 call was not part of any official briefing materials or talking points he received in preparation for the call; nor were the investigations part of any U.S. official policy objective.
 * President Trump's primary focus relating to Ukraine during the relevant period was the announcement of these two investigations that were not part of official U.S. policy objectives.
 * There is no evidence that the President's request for the investigations was part of a change in official U.S. policy; that fact further supports the alternative and only plausible explanation that President Trump pressed the public announcements because there were of great personal, political value to him.
 * President Trump's requests departed from established channels, including because he used his personal attorney, Mr. Giuliani, to press the investigations and never contacted the Department of Justice or made a formal request.
 * President Trump's request was viewed by key United States and Ukrainian officials as improper, unusual, problematic, and, most importantly, purely political.

For all these reasons, President Trump's conduct satisfies the fourth and final element of the federal anti-bribery statute.

c.Honest Services Fraud, 18 U.S.C § 1346

In addition to committing the crime of bribery, President Trump knowingly and willfully orchestrated a scheme to defraud the American people of his honest services as President of the United States. In doing so, he betrayed his position of trust and the duty he owed the citizenry to be an honest fiduciary of their trust. That offense is codified in the federal criminal code, which imposes up to twenty years' imprisonment for public officials who (by mail or wire fraud) breach the public trust by