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ILLUSTRATIONS OF INDIAN BOTANY.

toothed or sub-labiate. Style exserted, acute, hispid at the apex. Achaenia elongated, more or less beaked. Pappus several series, pilose, rough. — Herbs or under- shrubs. Leaves alternate, usually perforated with large pellucid glands. Involucre often bluish purple, 1 series, scales at first cohering at the base. Receptacle naked, punctuate. Corolla dull purple. Nepaul, Phillipine Islands.

Sub-tribe. Anthemide.e. Capitula usually heteroga- mous, radiate or discoid, ligula female or neuter. Anthers ecaudate. Branches of the style truncated, bearded, very rarely surmounted by a cone. Achania angled, terete, or obcompressed in the ray. Pappus none or crown-like, rarely consisting of squamelltB or capillary hairs. Leaves usually alternate.

Div. I. Euanthemideje. Receptacle paleaceous. Cap- itula radiate.

67. Achillea (Lin. Neek. D. C. Prod. 6-24). Capi- tula many-flowered, heterogamous ; ray florets 4-6 female, ligulate; disk ones tubular, hermaphrodite, 5- toothed. Tube of the corolla obcompressed. Achaenia oblong, obcompressed, bald, not winged, but nerved on the margins. — Perennial herbs with alternate leaves. Capitula corymbose. Involucre ovate oblong, imbri- cating. Receptacle narrow, flatfish, or elongated, rachis-like. Ray white, yellow, purple, ochre-coloured. Kemaon.

Div. II. Chrysanthemeje. Receptacle epaleaceous. Capitula radiate.

68. Matricaria (Lin. D. C. 6-50). Capitula hetero- gamous, ray ligulate 1 series, female ; disk hermaphro- dite, 4-5-toothed, tube terete. Achaenia wingless, an- gled, surmounted by a large epigynous disk, usually bald, rarely furnished with a crown-like pappus. — An- nuals with much divided leaves; branches naked, 1- cephalous. Involucre imbricated, several series. Re- ceptacle large, naked, ovato-conical. Disk yellow, ray white. Cashmere.

69. Pyrethrum (Gaertn. D. C. 6-53). Differs from the preceding in the achaenia not being surmounted by an epigynous disk, but furnished with a crown-like, often toothed or auricle-like pappus equal to its diame- ter. — Annuals or perennials, leaves alternate, dentate, or lobed. Involucre campanulate, scales scariose on the margin. Receptacle flat, naked or sometimes brac- teolate. Disk yellow, ray white or yellow. [To this genus Chrysanthemum Indicum, of the gardens, be- longs.] India generally, one Cashmere.

70. Chrysanthemum (D. C. 6-63). This genus dif- fers from the two preceding in having the achaenia of the ray 3-winged, two lateral and the 3d on the interior side ; those of the disk roundish, with a short wing on the interior side. — Herbs or shurbs. Ligulae white or yellow, or white with a yellow tube. Disk yellow or rarely purple. Bengal.

71. Artemisia (Lin. D. C. 6-93, R. W. Icon. 1111- 12). Capitula discoid, homogamous or heterogamous; florets of the circumference 1 series, usually female, 3- toothed, with a long, exserted, bifid style ; of the centre

5-toothed, hermaphrodite, or male by abortion. Achae- nia obovate, bald, with a minute, epigynous disk. — Her- baceous or suffruticose; leaves alternate, variously lobed ; capitula spicate or racemose. Involucre imbri- cated; scales dry on the margin. Receptacle epalea- ceous, naked or hairy. Flowers yellow or purple. Plants more or less bitter and aromatic. Widely dis- tributed. Alpine in their predilections.

72. Crossostephium (Less. D. C. 6-172). Capitula many-flowered, heterogamous ; ray florets female, sev- eral series, filiform, scarcely denticulate, larger at the base ; the rest hermaphrodite, fertile, cylindrical, large, 5-toothed. Achaenia angled, wingless. Pappus nume- rous, minute, unequal, semilanceolate paleae. — A whitish, tomentose shrub with alternate, firm, 3-lobed, cuniate leaves. Capitula globose or racemose. Involucre cam- panulate, several series. Receptacle naked, conical. Flowers yellow. Phillipines, China, Canton.

73. Tanacetum (Less. D. C. 6-127). Capitula homo- or heterogamous ; one row or 3-4-toothed, female florets in the circumference, those of the disk 4-5-toothed. Achaenia angled, glabrous, with a large epigynous disk. Pappus none or membranaceous, crown-like. — Herbs or shrubs, leaves variously divided. Capitula solitary or corymbose, globose. Involucre campanu- late, imbricated. Receptacle naked, convex. Flowers yellow. Himalayas, Nepaul, Kemaon.

74. Myriogyne (Less. D. C. 6-139). Capitula hete- rogamous ; marginal florets many series, female, tubular, scarcely dentate ; central few, hermaphrodite, 4-toothed, with a short tube and campanulate limb. Achaenia angled, wingless, epappose. — Very ramous, diffuse herbs : with alternate, obovate, dentate leaves. Capitula small, first terminal, afterwards lateral. Involucre 2 series. Receptacle naked, convex. Flowers yellow. Proper- ties acrid and sternutatory. Extensively diffused, pro- cumbent, inconspicuous herbs.

75. SphjeromorphjEA (D. C. 6-140). Capitula hete- rogamous ; marginal florets many series, female, scarcely dentate; central few, 4-toothed. Style bulbous at the base. Achaenia cylindrical, striated, epappose. — De- cumbent herbs with alternate leaves. Capitula globose, depressed, axillary. Involucre campanulate, 2-3 series, longer than the flowers. Receptacle naked [D. C. asks if this is sufficiently distinct from 'Myriogyne]. Penin- sula, Cochin China.

76. Machlis (D. C. 6-140). Capitula heterogamous ; marginal florets many series, not furnished with a corolla? or very minute. Central ones numerous. Corolla obconical, 4-toothed. Stigmas bearded at the apex. Achaenia terete, sub-angled, sub-glandulose ; of the marginal flowers bidentate, of the centre truncated at the apex. — Herbs with alternate, multifid, pinnate leaves. Capitula pedicelled, axillary. Involucre 2 series. Receptacle naked, punctulate. Bengal, Khassia, Nepaul.

Sub-tribe. GnaphaliejE. Capitula homogamous or heterogamous discoid, very rarely radiate, sometimes 1- fowered. Anthers caudate. Achania crowned with a pilose or setaceous pappus, very rarely bald. Leaves usually alternate.